ENTSOG GRIP BEMIP 2014-2023 / Main Report

2.8 Sweden

ENERGY POLICY

The Swedish energy policy is largely influenced by national as well as international instruments, especially EU policies. The Swedish government has defined 4 main goals for 2020: \\ 50% of Sweden’s energy use shall come from renewable energy sources; \\ 10% renewable energy in the transportation sector; \\ 20% more efficient energy usage; \\ 40% reduction of climate gases compared to 1990. Beyond 2020, 2 goals are defined: \\ In 2030 Sweden shall have a vehicle fleet that is independent of fossil energy; \\ In 2050 Sweden shall have no emissions of carbon dioxide. Even though natural gas is not a large energy source in Sweden, it may play an im- portant role in reaching the defined goals. Oil and coal can be replaced by natural gas and biogas for sectors such as industry, heat and power, vehicle fleet and the marine fuel market (LNG). Investments have been made, especially for various biogas and LNG projects. Since 1 June 2013, Swedegas is the new TSO in Sweden. Before that, Svenska Kraftnät, a state owned authority, had that responsibility. On 1 October 2011, Swedegas acquired the transmission system branches from E.ON (230 km pipe- lines, 32 measuring and regulator stations and the only Swedish storage facility) which made Swedegas the owner of the complete transmission system, comprising 620km pipelines and 41 measuring and regulator stations. The system is located in the southwest part of Sweden with only one entry point which is located in Dragör, Denmark. This means that the Swedish natural gas market is totally depend- ent on import from Denmark. The Swedish gas market actors consist of a TSO, 6 Distributors (DSO), 7 Gas Sup- pliers (GS) and 4 Balance Responsibles (BR). The BRs enable planning, settlement and invoicing in the natural gas system. In addition to the DSOs, there are a few larger industries connected to the transmission system. MARKET PLAYERS

ENERGY MIX

Hard coal and lignite Biogas and biofuel Peat Waste

The energy mix in Sweden is dominated by biofuel, oil, hydro and nuclear. There is no production of natural gas in Sweden and nearly all gas is imported from Denmark through the pipeline system. 10–15TWh is currently a normal value for the total yearly volume of natural gas but in 2010 the volume had a peak of 19TWh. The reason for this was a very cold winter and that a gas-fired CHP plant was implemented in the system. In 2013 the total yearly volume was 13TWh.

4

1

19

30

Oil products Natural gas Heat pumps Hydro Nuclear Wind

1

2

%

1

13

27

2

Figure 2.26: Structure of energy consumption, 2012

Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan GRIP 2014–2023 | 45