KøbenhanskeMotiver_1587-1807

7 RUNDETÅRN (THE R O U N D TOW ER ) 1646

House (4), built by the King, to the old N ørrevold (the northern rampart). But Christian IV 's plans w ent further than that — he wanted to include the lakes in the outer fortifications where three protruding redoubts were con­ structed: N y V artov 1630 (1) near the present Trianglen, Ravnsborg in the 1640s (28) near the present Ravnsborg- gade, and Ladegården near the present Å boulevarden - the last-mentioned is not to be seen in the engraving. The approach roads w ent b y these redoubts; the road from Elsinore leading to the new Ø sterport (the eastern gate) from 1647 (12), and w hat w as later to become Nørrebro- gade, ending in Nørreport (the northern gate, 23) on the right-hand side. The tw o roads are connected b y Farimags- gade running between the city and the Sortedam lake. A lo n g these roads residential suburbs soon sprang up. In the city we see Trinitatis Church w ith Rundetårn (the Round Tower, 17), the unfinished St. A n n a Rotunda (15), and the steeples of Vester- and Nørreport (21 and 23) erected by the King. A fter the start of the Swedish siege of Copenhagen in A ugust 1658, a Dutch auxiliary fleet w ith troops and equipment arrived in Copenhagen October 29 of the same year. Onboard one of the ships was "scheepsteykenaar" W illem van de Velde sen., who had already done sketches during the Battle of the Sound w hich ended in the Dutch conquering the Swedish fleet. These sketches were shown to Frederik III who later received an enlarged copy, now in the Frederiksborg Museum . Undoubtedly there were also smaller prepatory draw ings for this view , w h ich were then transferred to larger sheets, evidently w ith the inten­ tion o f transferring it to an oil painting. It is supposed that yet another sheet existed, for on the left-hand side part of the city seems to be "m issin g", and the same side show s the stern and bow of ships w hich probably "con ­ tinued" on the m issing sheet. The view is taken from the entrance to the harbour. The monumental buildings are, 10 THE DUTCH A U X IL IA R Y FLEET O N THE RO A D S T E A D OF COPENHAGEN 1658

In 1637 the buildin g o f Rundetårn and T rin itatis Church was begun on the in itiative o f Christian IV . The tower was completed 1642, the church 16 5 1 , but not until 1656 were the buildings o fficia lly opened and used. It seems very likely that the K in g him self supplied the plans for the tower, just like the tripartite d ivision of the church w as his idea, too. It w as m eant to serve as a parish church for the students and at the same time, in a room betw een the arches and the roof, house the U n iversity Library; the tower was to be an astronom ical observatory. The en­ graving shows Rundetårn approxim ately as it looked from a roof-top behind Regensen (a dorm itory for the students at the U niversity o f Copenhagen). H ow ever, G reyss made the embrasures more round than th ey actu ally were, and he left out the five sm all ob servatory houses put up on the flat roof o f the tower. In the background the Sound and Nyboder, and in the bottom right-hand corner Store Kannikestræde. The engravin g is the first reproduction that we have o f a single bu ildin g in Copenhagen. Reproduced p. 19. 8 RUNDETÅRN 16 5 7 This engraving is the result o f a further treatm ent of the plate for cat. no. 7. It w as to be used once more for the title page o f the second edition o f B ang's book, and since in the m eantim e T rin itatis Church had been completed, it goes w ith o u t sayin g that it must also be completed in the picture. Hence the on ly m odifications that have been undertaken in comparison w ith cat. no. 7 are the roofing o f the nave and the change of date in the inscription. 9 COPENHAGEN FROM THE NO R THW E ST 1658 With Christian IV 's expansion tow ards the northeast the city was almost doubled in size. A n ew rampart w ith bastions connected the redoubt St. A n n a near the Custom

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