KøbenhanskeMotiver_1587-1807

72 G RÅBRØ DR ETORV 17 5 5

building w ith mansard roof and ridge turret (2) is Børne­ huset, built 17 3 9 -4 1 b y Philip de Lange, rebuilt in the 1860s and demolished 1928 in order to make room for "L agkageh uset" (the "layer cake house"). The official name o f the institution was Tugt- rasp- og forbedrings­ huset (a combination of prison, rasphouse and house of correction), holding approximately 500 people, m ainly women and children. A t no. 4 the sandbox can be seen, a storing place for sand w ith which the floors were sprink­ led.

The square has its nam e, G råbrødretorv (G rey Friars' square), from the Franciscan m on astery founded 1238 and closed shortly after the R eform ation. For some time the square was named U lfeld t's square after the seneschal's house which was pulled dow n after his fall in 1664. The square was laid out and a m onum ent w ith the inscription "to eternal D irision, D isgrace, and S ham e" erected (3). It was renewed in 17 4 1 and is n ow kept in the N ational Museum. The fire in 172 8 razed the w h ole square to the ground, but it was soon reconstructed w ith the characteri­ stic "firehouses" o f w h ich a w h ole row still stands on the south side of the square. Reproduced p. 53. From the corner o f Store K ongensgade w e get a better view of how large and open K ongens N y to rv (the K in g's new square) had become w ith the equestrian statue of Christian V as the u n ify in g centre. The facades have un­ dergone only few and u nim portant alterations. W e get a glimpse of Holmens C anal and Laksegade, and w e can see more clearly than earlier w h at E igtved's playh ou se looked like before H arsdorff's m odifications in the 1770 s. 74 KONGENS N Y T O R V 17 5 6 The square is in this engravin g seen from Holm ens Canal. Here, too, the buildings are unaltered. The Juel House on the corner af Bredgade w as n ot m odernized until the 1760s when N.-H. Jardin ga ve it its present appearance. The tower with short spire in the foreground belongs to the Garrison Church (3). 73 KONGENS N Y T O R V 17 5 6

76 SLO T SHO LM SK AN A LEN 1755

O n the left Nybrogade w ith a typical "fire-house" from the reconstruction period after 1728. Further aw ay a row o f houses w ith gables (see cat. no. 3); the first one (7) was the city weighhouse built 1579. Beyond rises St. Nicolai Church (6), and on the right the Royal stables (4).

77 KU LTORVET 1755

The district around Nørreport was much damaged b y the fire in 1728, but the endeavous that were made during the reconstruction to establish a straight line between this area and Købmagergade - one of the main arteries of the city - were m iscarried. The on ly thing that was achieved was the construction of Kultorvet, or Nørre T orv as it was also called. It was an almost rectangular square surrounded by gabled houses. O w in g to the danger of fire the new build­ ing regulations ordered houses built w ith foundation w alls, but already in 1730 these demands were reduced, and consequently the third house on the left-hand side is a half-tim bered house. In the background Nørreport (the northern gate, 2) through which the farmers and charcoal burners from North Zealand came to sell their products on the market. D uring the English bombardment 1807 13 of the houses surrounding the square were completely de­ stroyed, and the whole row of facades on the left-hand

75 CHR IST IAN SH AVN S SQ U A R E 175 5 The view is taken from O ven gad en neden Vandet. O n the kft Børnehus bridge (3) leads across the canal. The large

side was renewed. Reproduced p. 55.

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