Imaging for early stage breast cancer

Tumor Grade: Genomic Grade Index (GGI) - Rationale

Starting point: histologic grade

van de Vijver et al. NEJM 2002 validation series Central Pathology Review

Grade 1

Grade 3

Grade 1 Grade 2

Grade 3

GG3

GG1

Grade 1 Grade 3

Genomic

Grade index

97 discriminating genes in ER+ (91% proliferation related)

Genome-wide Affymetrix™ microarray

35

Sotiriou et al, JNCI 2006

Courtesy C. Sotiriou