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Conclusion For the most part, treating early stuttering is a relatively straightforward process. Difficulties tend to arise, however, when a child who is stuttering does not respond as quickly to treatment as anticipated. Even so, it is important for the SP to remain positive and support families through any challenges that may arise. By doing so, many potential complications associated with treatment may be resolved, if not avoided. We conclude by saying that this paper does not provide an exhaustive list of potential problems and possible solutions to the treatment of early stuttering. Therefore, conferring with colleagues who are experienced in working with parents of preschoolers who stutter can be of assistance. SPs at the Bankstown Stuttering Unit (http:// www.sswahs.nsw.gov.au/Bankstown/Stuttering/) and the ASRC (www.fhs.usyd.edu.au/asrc) are available for consultations about apparently insoluble problems. References Hayhow, R. (2009). Parents’ experiences of the Lidcombe Program of early stuttering intervention. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology , 11 , 20–25. Onslow, M., & Packman, A. (1999). The early stuttering intervention debate: Generating light and heat. Advances in Speech Language Pathology , 1 , 143–145. Onslow, M., Packman, A., & Harrison, E. (2003). The Lidcombe Program of Early Stuttering Intervention: A clinician’s guide . Austin, TX: Pro-Ed. Packman, A., & Langevin, M. (2009). Working with families of children who stutter. In L. Pappas & S. Mcleod (Eds.), Working with families in speech-language pathology (pp. 171–187). San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing. Packman M., Onslow, M., Richard, F., & van Doorn, J. (1996). Linguistic stress and variability: A model of stuttering. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics , 10 , 235–263. Packman, A., Hansen, E.J., & Herland, M. (2007). Parents’ experiences of the Lidcombe Program: The Norway- Australia connection. In J. Au-Yeung & M.M. Leahy (Eds.) Research, treatment, and self-help in fluency disorders: New horizons . Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress on Fluency Disorders, Dublin, Ireland (pp. 418-422). International Fluency Association.

Rousseau, I., Packman, A., Onslow, M., Robinson, R., & Harrison, E. (2002). Australian speech pathologists’ use of the Lidcombe Program of early stuttering intervention. Acquiring Knowledge in Speech, Language and Hearing , 4 , 67–71. Teesson, K., Packman, A., & Onslow, M. (2003). The Lidcombe behavioral data language of stuttering. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research , 46 , 1009–1015. Trajkovski, N., Andrews, C., O’Brian, S., Onslow, M., & Packman, A. (2006). Treating stuttering in a preschool child with syllable timed speech: A case report. Behaviour Change , 23 , 270–277. Yairi, E. & Ambrose, N. (2005). Early childhood stuttering: for clinicians by clinicians. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed. Natasha Trajkovski is a speech pathologist specialised in treating preschool children who stutter. She has completed a PhD at the Australian Stuttering Research Centre, developing an innovative treatment for early stuttering called the Westmead Program. Her research has generated a number of peer-reviewed journal articles and international conference presentations. Ann Packman is the senior research officer at the Australian Stuttering Research Centre. She has worked for more than 30 years in the area of stuttering as a clinician, teacher and researcher. One of her current interests is theories of the cause of stuttering. She is currently the Associate Editor for Fluency for the journal Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools . Cheryl Andrews has 28 years experience in specialist treatment of stuttering in children and adults. She has a Masters degree in speech-language pathology from the University of Northern Colorado, Greeley. Cheryl has worked in Australia since 1979 and specialises in the treatment of adults and children who stutter. Her core research interests include the development of stuttering interventions for school-age children. She is currently conducting a doctoral program of research at the Australian Stuttering Research Centre.

Correspondence to: Natasha Trajkovski, PhD Australian Stuttering Research Centre, PO Box 170 Lidcombe, NSW 1825. phone: +612 9351 9061 email: natasha.trajkovski@sydney.edu.au

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