The Gazette 1973

plicitly represents the best possible combination of their constitutional traditions to which the Court has referred. —(Reprinted from Common Market Law Review.) March 1972 * Bibliography: Pierre Pescatore, "Les droits de l'homme et rintégration européenne", 4 Cah.dr.europ. 1968, 629-673; German ver- sion in (1969) Integration, 103-136 (These articles contain an exhaustive bibliography). A summary has been published in (1970) A.J.I.L. 343-351 under the title " undamental rights and freedoms in the system of the European Com- munities". Joachim Martens, "Die rechtsstraatliche Struktur der Europáischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft", 5 EuR. 1970, 209- 231. Hans Heinrich Rupp, "Die Grundrechte und das europ- iiische Gemeinschaftsrecht" (1970) N.J.W. 353-359.

Gottfried Zieger, "Das Grundrechtsproblem in den Europáischen Gemeinschaften", Recht und Staat, Vol. 384/ 385, Tubingen, 1970, 59. Note that all the sources above were published before the judgment in the Internationale Handelsgesellschaft case and therefore cannot take this latest development into account. References to Judgments 1. Stork v. High Authority, Case 1/58, Recueil V, 43. 2. Ruhrkohlen-Verkaufsgesellschaft and others v. High Auth- ority, Cases 36-38/59 and 40/59, Recueil VI, 857.' 3. Sgarlata and others v. EEC Commission, Case 40/64, Recueil XI, 279; [1966] C.M.L.R. 314; 3 C.M.L.Rev Recueil X I, 279; [1966] C.M.L.R. 314; 3 C.M.L.Rev. 1965-66, 91. 4. Stauder v. City of Ulm, Case 29/69, Recueil XV, 419; [1970] C.M.L.R. 112; 7 C.M.L.Rev. 1970, 342. 5. Internationale Handelsgesellschaft mbH v. Vorratstelle fiir Getreide und Futtermittel, Frankfurt/Main, Case 11/70, Recueil XVI, 1125; C.M.L.Rev. 1971, 250 et seq.

NEW DUBLIN COURTS ARE PLANNED A new Dublin Metropolitan District Court building to replace the present Chancery Street complex, which the Government acknowledge as unsatisfactory and over- crowded, is to be built on a 2£ acre site at Smithfield. The new premises, on the site of Irish Distillers Limited, also will house the Children's Court, ancillary buildings, including a Garda station. The Children's Court is at present in an upstairs room in Dublin Castle. Finance Minister Mr. Richie Ryan has approved plans of the Office of Public Works to hold an archi- tectural competition for the buildings. to meet the severe and increasing overcrowding in the Dublin Metropolitan Courts and the unsatisfactory condition of some of the existing Court buildings. The new Metropolitan Court buildings would, added the statement, represent a further large and important State building in the capital city. Because of the specialised nature of the new complex and its significance as a public building, an architec- tural competition was felt to be the most appropriate way of securing the best possible design. Details will be made public after arrangement for the competition have been undertaken. Irish Independent (5th April 1973) A statement, issued through the Government Infor- mation Bureau last night, said the move had been taken

JUDGE O DALAIGH URGES WIDER LEGAL AID

Ireland's urgent need for an all-embracing legal aid system arose in a conversation I had yesterday with our new Judge on the European Court, former Chief Justice Carbhall O Dalaigh. He pointed out that there is provision in the rules of the European Court for granting legal aid, where a person bringing a case before the Court needs such aid. The present position in Irelan is that legal aid is only granted in criminal cases upon application to a District Justice. Judge O Dalaigh then explained how the European Court protects the ordinary individual. A woman far- mer in Italy, slaughtered her cows with a view to getting compensation under a Common Market direc- tive. The Italian Government did not pay up and she brought an action in the local Italian Court.

The Justice sent to Luxembourg for an interpre- tation of the E.E.G. law and the Court found, in effect, that the Community directives were self-executing, and if the Italian Government had not voted the necessary money to compensate the woman, they were in duty bound to do so. Free legal aid, he added, was granted to the woman in the case. Judge O Dalaigh's conclusion was that now govern- ments in the E.E.G. should ensure that they had the machinery to ensure speedy implementation of Com- munity directives. Otherwise, he pointed out, they could find themselves brought before the Court by either the Commission itself for failure to comply, or by some private national in his own country. Irish Independent (20th January 1973)

SOLICITORS GOLFING SOCIETY Officers for 1973 Treasurer : David Bell. President: Thomas V. O'Connor (President I.L.S.I.).

Outings: Thursday, 28th June 1973, for President 's Prize, at Milltown. Firday, 28th September 1973, for

Captain : S. Victor Crawford. Secretary : Henry N. Robinson.

Captain's Prize, at Hermitage.

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