EDF_REGISTRATION_DOCUMENT_2017

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIETAL INFORMATION − HUMAN RESOURCES Optimising the use of natural resources and preserving the environment

In addition, EDF participates in the working group Biological Invasions in ■ Aquatic Environments coordinated and led by the AFB and UICN France. This group aims to make knowledge about methods for the management of these species accessible. Some examples concerning actions in favour of threatened species (1) the Group contributes to a number of national action plans for the Bearded ■ Vulture, the Zingel Asper and Bonelli’s Eagle, and takes part in the regional variations of these plans, such as the European otter project in the Centre region or Angelica Heterocarpa, or one for Odonata, which is also part of a thesis, and will end in 2018; the Group participates in Life+ programmes, in particular EDF for the Pyrenean ■ Desman (2014-2019), Luminus for migratory fish, or Enedis with Life Gypconnect. In partnership with the League for the Protection of Birds (LPO), the Cordemais site has had a building constructed, which is tailored for bats to mitigate the destruction of existing buildings. Creating this ex nihilo bat’s lair as part of the offsetting measures is the first of its kind in France. The LPO is monitoring the use of the roost by bats. As far as protected areas are concerned, several EDF sites contribute to achieving the preservation objectives in the Natura 2000 areas and implementing the Natura 2000 contracts. Other voluntary actions 3.4.5.6 The Group is implementing other voluntary action levers, as part of patronage initiatives or through scientific contribution. This is a very concrete way of reinforcing the fight to preserve biodiversity. By doing this, EDF supports the "red list" of endangered species in France prepared by UICN France and the French Natural History Museum. In France, EDF focuses on the Fête de la nature. The company is the main sponsor of this national festival which attracts considerable media attention. In 2017, 31 EDF units participated, organising a total of 83 events which attracted 4,500 visitors. On the occasion of this festival, EDF published 10,000 copies of a newspaper dedicated to questions about biodiversity. EDF is also a partner of the “Local vegetation” programme organised by the Federation of French Botanical Conservation Bodies. The aim of this programme is to promote the systematic use of local wild plants in development works, the re-naturation of areas, the upkeep of green spaces etc. The use of local species enables a natural barrier to be created which protects these spaces from invasive exotic species and increases the ecological functionalities of the local environment. Thanks to this programme, EDF will be able to include in its management recommendations the systematic use of local plants on its land. EDF is also a partner in the autumn construction programme organised by the Natural Areas Conservatories each year, which offers the public the possibility of taking part in building sites, lighter work on nature, and heavier and sometimes unusual work. In Reunion, to avoid young Barau’s Petrels, an endemic species, being blinded by street lighting when they first fly, EDF has supported the search for solutions with the Société d’Études Ornithologiques de la Réunion (SEOR), by funding the purchase of an astronomical clock programmed to turn off the lights in public areas for twenty days per year. This initiative is extended during the “Nights without light”. Edison conducts a biodiversity education and awareness programme in schools in areas where their wind farms are located. In 2017, an educational project was also carried out around the Campo hydropower plant on land given by Edison to the local community: training of 50 students in the concepts of biodiversity and preservation of the environment.

EDF Energy implements its biodiversity commitment programme on its land, particularly through events in Heysham (more than 1,300 people in 2017). In Brazil, EDF Norte Fluminense is continuing with its action with the Mico Leao Dourado not-for-profit organisation to preserve an Atlantic rainforest (reforestation project on the watershed). 3.4.6 The Group uses raw materials for electricity generation and to provide energy services to its customers. A significant portion of these raw materials is comprised of fuels: uranium, coal, gas, fuel-oil and biomass. To optimise its consumption of raw materials while guaranteeing energy supply to its customers, the Group has opted to implement certain measures: changing its generation mix with the development of renewables such as solar ■ power, wind power and marine energy; the decommissioning of low-efficiency coal-fired plants, the commissioning of high-efficiency CCGTs (world record 61% efficiency for the Bouchain CCGT), the use of biomass in the boilers and biogas plants of Dalkia in place of coal (Cordemais), the modernisation of its IES thermal stations(new PEI power stations) and the replacement of old engines at power plants in the French overseas departments and in Corsica; optimisation of existing facilities: improving energy efficiency (IES, Dalkia, EDF ■ Energy) through maintenance measures, modifications, rules relating to fuel quality (coal) and more rigorous monitoring of efficiency levels (loss limitation) or cogeneration; the real-time selection of the best performing means of generation depending ■ on the load curve and energy performance. Specifically concerning IES: the thermal power plants are listed in order of generation costs, which are evolving in a virtually linear fashion in relation to the consumption of fuel-oil per kWh output. These power plants are started in “merit order”, an economic mechanism that minimises hydrocarbon consumption. These optimisation measures have been further reinforced with the ISO 50001 certification of these thermal sites since 2016. Likewise, Dalkia uses an energy management tool, ENERGY, which optimises the fuel used by the energy facilities that it operates; the implementation of a natural uranium savings strategy: EDF’s control of each ■ stage of the fuel cycle, the design of high-efficiency fuel and suitable management of that fuel within nuclear units all contribute to optimising the need for natural uranium (see section 1.4.1.1.4 “The nuclear fuel cycle and related issues”). Recycling spent fuel enables savings of 10% of natural uranium; the Group’s business model, based on controlling the full life cycle of its ■ facilities, allows for efficient feedback as well as the implementation of eco-design initiatives developed in the engineering centres and the design of projects such as the EPR New Model project. With the improvement in the production process, PHOTOWATT has increased the proportion of silicon recycled in its photovoltaic panel production and the power of the cells and modules to lengthen the life cycle of these products. As part of its supplier qualification system, EDF EN, whose raw material use is related to equipment manufacture, requests turbine and panel manufacturers to provide life cycle analyses of their products; the Group is also developing industrial ecology initiatives among its various ■ entities and initiatives supporting local authorities through a service based on the RECYTER tool, developed by EDF R&D, for the regional diagnosis of material and energy flows. The heating of liquefied gas at the LNG terminal in Dunkirk is carried out with cooling water energy from the nearby Gravelines plant, using a canal several kilometres in length, commissioned in 2015, which sets a strong example in terms of the circular economy. From a global point of view, the consumption of the various fossil fuels changed in 2017 as follows: coal up 6%, fuel-oil up 4%, gas down 4%. RAW MATERIALS

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These actions are carried out on species identified according to their status and dependence on or proximity to our facilities. (1)

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EDF I Reference Document 2017