September 2016 SPDS Book

Paradols

O

Paradols are β-ketone hydroxyl deoxygenation products of gingerols. Paradols represent another subclass of ginger ‘pungent principles’, and possess marked bioactivity. The content of paradols is more pronounced in ginger extracts as opposed to the fresh plant material.

H 3

CO

CH 3

[6]-Paradol

HO

O

H 3

CO

CH 3

[8]-Paradol

HO

O

H 3

CO

CH 3

[10]-Paradol

HO

Gingerdiols and Gingerdiones

OH

OH

O O

H 3

CO

H 3

CO

CH 3

CH 3

(3 R ,5 S )-[6]-Gingerdiol

[6]-Gingerdione

HO

HO

O

O

OH

OH

CO

H 3

H 3

CO

CH 3

CH 3

[8]-Gingerdione

(3 S ,5 S )-[6]-Gingerdiol

HO

HO

O

O

OH

OH

CO

H 3

H 3 CO

CH 3

CH 3

[10]-Gingerdione

(3 R ,5 S )-[10]-Gingerdiol

HO

HO

OH

OH

O O

CO

H 3

H 3

CO

CH 3

(CH 2

) n

CH 3

1-Dehydro-gingerdiones

(3 S ,5 S )-[10]-Gingerdiol

HO

HO

Gingerdiones are β-ketone hydroxyl dehydrogenation products of gingerols; include the subgroup of 1-dehydroginger- diones.

Gingerdiols are ketone reduction products of gingerols .