EMT Lesson Plans

3.13 Patient Assessment Scenario Lab I Station: Shortness of Breath Instructor Guidance

Objectives: 1. Demonstrate how to use the AVPU scale to test for pa ent responsiveness. (p 262)

2. Demonstrate how to evaluate a pa ent’s orienta on and document his or her status correctly. (pp 262–264) 3. Demonstrate the techniques for assessing a pa ent’s airway and correctly obtaining informa on related to respiratory rate, rhythm, quality/character of breathing, and depth of breathing. (pp 265–269) 4. Demonstrate how to assess a radial pulse in a responsive pa ent (pp 270–272) 5. Demonstrate history-taking using the SAMPLE mneumonic and the OPQRST mneumonic 6. Demonstrate how to measure blood pressure by ausculta on. (pp 296–300, Skill Drill 8-3) 7. Demonstrate how to measure blood pressure by palpa on. (p 300) 8. Demonstrate taking a heart rate on a pa ent 9. Demonstrate taking a breathing rate on a pa ent 10. Demonstrate how to obtain a pulse rate in a pa ent. (pp 270–272) 11. Demonstrate how to assess capillary re ll in an adult or child older than 6 years. (pp 273–274) 12. Demonstrate how to perform a focused assessment of a pa ent 13. Demonstrate the use of a pulse oximetry device to evaluate the e ec veness of oxygena on in the pa ent. (pp 289– 290) 14. Demonstrate the use of electronic devices to assist in determining the pa ent’s blood pressure in the eld. (pp 290– 291) 15. Demonstrate how to measure blood pressure by ausculta on. (pp 296–300, Skill Drill 8-3) Setup: You will need your cohort bag and a stairchair. Deployment: DO NOT LECTURE – your students should be working hands-on within 5 minutes of arriving Deploy your students in one team – one student should be patient, the rest rescuers. The patient should sit and pretend to be have difficulty breathing. Have them transition through the scenario on the back of this sheet like any other scenario from a scenario lab day. Debriefing: Give students feedback on the case after it is complete. Some points to discuss: - Did they provide oxygen? This patient probably does not need it - Did they use an SPO2? - Why is the SPO2 so low? (COPD patients frequently have lower SPO2 readings than normal) - Did they do a focused secondary assessment for Difficulty Breathing: o Breath Sounds EMT students always do too little physical exam for medical patients. Make sure they do the above physical exam items. 16. Demonstrate how to measure blood pressure by palpa on. (p 300) 17. Demonstrate how to solicit a medical history from a pa ent (pp 278)

NOTE: These students do not know inhaler protocol, so do not expect them to treat that.

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