JCPSLP Vol 16 Issue 1 2014

between therapy intensity and rehabilitative outcomes after traumatic brain injury: A multicenter analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation , 84 , 1441–1448. doi:10.1053/S0003-9993(03)00272-7 Colorado Department of Labor and Employment (CDLE). (2005). Traumatic brain injury medical treatment guidelines. Retrieved from http://www.healthpsych.com/tools/tbi.pdf Cullen, N., Meyer, M., Aubut, J., Bayley, M., & Teasell, R. (2011). Efficacy and models of care following an acquired brain injury . Retrieved from http://www.abiebr.com/ module/3-efficacy-and-models-care-following-acquired- brain-injury Katz, R., Kennedy, M.R.T., Avery, J., Coelho, C., Sohlberg, M., Turkstra, L. … Yorkston, K. (2002). Evidence Based practice guidelines for cognitive-communication disorders after traumatic brain injury: Initial committee report. ANCDS Bulletin Board. Journal of Medical Speech- Language Pathology , 10 (2), ix–xiii. Kelly, M. (1992). Higher intensity specialization. Reach new heights through subacute care. Contemporary Longterm Care , 15 (11), 38–40. MacDonald, S., & Wiseman-Hakes, C. (2010). Knowledge translation in ABI rehabilitation: A model for consolidating and applying the evidence for cognitive- communication interventions. Brain Injury , 24 (3), 486–508. doi:10.3109/02699050903518118 National Stroke Foundation. (2010). Clinical guidelines for stroke management 2010 . Retrieved from http:// strokefoundation.com.au/site/media/clinical_guidelines_ stroke_managment_2010_interactive.pdf O’Rance, L., & Fortune N. (2007). Disability in Australia: Acquired brain injury . Bulletin 55. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Retrieved from http://www.aihw.gov. au/publication-detail/?id=6442468049 Rattray, J., & Jones, M.C. (2007). Essential elements of questionnaire design and development. Journal of Clinical Nursing , 16 , 234–243. doi: 10.1111/j.1365- 2702.2006.01573.x Royal College of Physicians and British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine (RCP BSRM). (2003). Rehabilitation following acquired brain injury: National clinical guidelines . Turner-Stokes, L. (Ed). London: RCP, BSRM. Retrieved from http://bookshop.rcplondon.ac.uk/contents/43986815- 4109-4d28-8ce5-ad647dbdbd38.pdf Royal College of Speech Language Therapists (RCSLT). (2006). Communicating quality 3. RCSLT’s guidance on best practice in service organisation and provision . Retrieved from http://www.rcslt.org/speech_and_language_ therapy/standards/CQ3_pdf Steel, J., Ferguson, A., Spencer, E., & Togher, L. (2013). Speech pathologists’ current practice with cognitive- communication assessment during post-traumatic amnesia: A survey. Brain Injury , 27 (7–8), 819–830. doi: 10.3109/02699052.2013.775492 Turner-Stokes, L. (2008). Evidence for the effectiveness of multi-disciplinary rehabilitation following acquired brain injury: A synthesis of two systematic approaches. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine , 40 , 691–701. doi:10.2340/16501977-0265 Turner-Stokes, L., Nair, A., Sedki, I., Disler, P.B., & Wade, D.T. (2005). Multi-disciplinary rehabilitation of acquired brain injury in adults of working age (Review).

differences; however, it has not investigated all aspects of BIRU SLP service delivery (e.g., assessment) or investigated treatment patterns in depth. While the study had a sample small in number, it has begun to add to the limited body of research currently available. Further investigation into the types of clinical interventions performed within this critical rehabilitation time period will aid in developing an evidence base for sub-acute interventions, and hopefully lead to more effective and efficient SLP service delivery in BIRUs and the development of in-depth service guidelines. Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the speech-language pathologists from the BIRUs and facilities across Australia for their participation in this study; and staff from the Speech Pathology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital and Centre for Functioning and Health Research for their support with this project. References Academy of Neurologic Communication Disorders and Sciences (ANCDS). (2013). Practice guidelines for traumatic brain injury . Retrieved from: http://www.ancds.org/index. php/practice-guidelines-9#TBI American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (2004). Preferred practice patterns for the profession of speech-language pathology . Retrieved from http://www.asha.org/docs/html/pp2004-00191.html American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (n.d.a). Traumatic brain injury: Benefits of speech- language pathology services . Retrieved from http://www. asha.org/public/speech/disorders/TBIslpBenefits.htm American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (n.d.b). Treatment efficacy summary: Cognitive- communication disorders resulting from traumatic brain injury . Retrieved from http://www.asha.org/uploadedFiles/ public/TESCognitiveCommunicationDisordersFromTBI.pdf Australasian Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine (AFRM). (2011). Standards for the provision of inpatient adult rehabilitation medicine services in public and private hospitals . Sydney: Royal Australian College of Physicians. Retrieved from http://www.racp.edu.au/page/racp- faculties/australasian-faculty-of-rehabilitation-medicine/ British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine (BSRM). (2009). BSRM standards for rehabilitation services mapped on to the national service framework for long-term conditions. Retrieved from http://www.bsrm.co.uk/Publications/ StandardsMapping-Final.pdf Brougham, R., Spivak David, D., Adornato, V., Gordan, W., Dale, B., Georgeadis, A., & Gassaway, J. (2011). Speech-language pathology treatment time during inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation: The SCIRehab project. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine , 34 (2), 186–195. doi: 10.1 179/107902611X12971826988174 Cicerone, K.D., Langenbahn, D.M., Braden, C., Malec, J.F., Kalmar, K., Fraas, M., … Ashman, T. (2011). Evidence based cognitive-rehabilitation: Updated review of the literature from 2003 through 2008. Archives of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation , 92 , 519–530. doi:10.1016/j. apmr.2010.11.015 Cifu, D.X., Kreutzer, J.S., Kolakowsky-Hayner, S.A., Marwitz, J.H., & Englander, J. (2003). The relationship

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JCPSLP Volume 16, Number 1 2014

Journal of Clinical Practice in Speech-Language Pathology