McKenna's Drug Handbook for Nursing & Midwifery, 7e

97 Antivenoms

black snake antivenom box jellyfish antivenom brown snake antivenom death adder antivenom funnel-web spider antivenom redback spider antivenom sea snake antivenom stonefish antivenom taipan antivenom tiger snake antivenom Combination products

Route Onset

Peak

Duration

IV

Unknown Unknown Unknown

Adverse reactions CNS: headache. GI: abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting. Skin: injection site reaction, urticaria, rash. Other: allergic reactions, anaphylaxis , delayed serum sickness , chills, pyrexia. Interactions None reported. Contraindications Should not be used unless there is evidence of systemic envenoming with potential for serious toxic effects. care considerations • Black snake venom contains neurotoxins, myolytic and anticoagulant toxins. • Monitor FBC, platelets, INR and aPTT on presentation, immobilisation (if used) and 6 hours thereafter. • Monitor for signs and symptoms of bleeding (bruising, bleeding fromgums and venepuncturesites,epistaxis,gastrointestinal bleeding, haematuria, altered mental status suggesting intracranial haemorrhage). • In individuals with severe consumptive coagulopathy, fresh frozen plasma and/ or cryoprecipitate should be considered early. • As product is sourced from horse plasma, potential for transmission of infectious disease cannot be ruled out. • Not administered by IM injection. • Venom detection kits should be used to detect and identify specific venom at the bite site or in urine where possible. • Anaphylactic reactions may be more likely in individuals who are atopic or have previously received equine serum.

P olyvalent snake antivenom concentrate for infusion : brown snake antivenom 1000 U, tiger snake antivenom 3000 U, death adder antivenom6000 U, taipan antivenom 12,000 U and king brown snake antivenom 18,000 U. black snake antivenom Black Snake Antivenom Infusion Pregnancy risk category NR Use in sport: Permitted Available form Solution for infusion: 18,000 U/vial Indications & dosages ➤ Treatment of systemic king brown or mulga snakeenvenoming— Adults: 18,000 U by slow IV infusion diluted 1 in 10 in Hartmann’s solution, repeated if necessary. Children: 18,000 U by slow IV infusion diluted 1 in 5 in Hartmann’s solution, repeated if necessary. Action Antivenomeffective against venomof black snake and other members of the Pseudechis genus such as red-bellied black snake or common black snake.