McKenna's Drug Handbook for Nursing & Midwifery, 7e

1304      Miscellaneous drug categories

care considerations • Increased risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in individuals with acute or chronic renal failure or acute renal insufficiency, or during the perioperative period in liver transplantation. Renal function should be assessed in all individuals prior to the procedure. • For individuals on chronic haemodialysis, initiate haemodialysis promptly following administration of gadoxetic acid to increase elimination. • Closelymonitorindividualfordevelopment of anaphylactic reaction. Ensure emergency management equipment is available and in correct working order. • Monitor vital signs closely following procedure. Patient teaching • Advise person to report any adverse effects. iodixanol Visipaque Pregnancy risk category B1 Use in sport: Permitted Available forms Bottle: 550 mg/mL in 50 mL, 100 mL; 652 mg/mL in 50 mL, 100 mL, 200 mL Adults: Individualised according to indi­ vidual factors and nature of X-ray or CT scan. Action Water-solubleradiographiccontrastmedium. Route Onset Peak Duration IV Immediate Unknown 24 hrs Indications & dosages ➤ X-rayorCTcontrastmedium—

motor dysfunction, pain, sensory disturb­ ance. CV: arrhythmia, arterial spasm, hypertens­ ion, hypotension, ischaemia, myocardial infarction , thrombosis , thrombophlebitis , STsegmentdepression , ventricularprema­ ture beats . Eye: transient blindness. GI: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting. GU: acute renal failure , contrastmedium– induced nephrotoxicity . Musculoskeletal: arthralgia. Psychiatric: confusion. Respiratory: cough, dyspnoea, pulmonary oedema. Skin: erythema, pruritus, rash, urticaria. Other: anaphylactic reaction , fever, hyper­ sensitivityreactions, iodism,malaise,pyrexia. Interactions Drug-drug. Metformin/biguanides: Potential transient impairment of renal function with possible lactic acidosis. Monitor closely. Interleukin-2: Increased risk of delayed reactions (flu-like symptoms, skin reactions). Monitor closely. Beta blockers: Atypical anaphylaxis. Monitor closely. Inotropic agents: Potential myocardial ischaemia. Monitor cardiac function closely. General anaesthetics: Higher incidence of adverse effects. Monitor closely. Contraindications Contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the preparation or a history of serious hypersensitivity to iodixanol and in those with thyrotoxicosis. care considerations • Closelymonitor individualfordevelopment of anaphylactic reaction. Ensure emergency management equipment is available and in correct working order. • Monitor vital signs and renal function closely following procedure. • Ensure the person is well-hydrated before and after the procedure to avoid contrast- induced nephropathy.

Adverse reactions CNS: altered consciousness, convulsion , dizziness, feeling hot or cold, headache,

Reactions may be common , uncommon, life-threatening , or commonandlife-threatening.