CYIL vol. 10 (2019)

CYIL 10 ȍ2019Ȏ RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATE FOR THE FOREIGN JUDGMENTS … RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATE FOR THE FOREIGN JUDGMENTS AND FOREIGN LAW (APPLICATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS IN CROSS-BORDER SITUATIONS) 1 Elena Júdová Abstract: Protection of human rights encompasses even the control of effect of the application of foreign law to the private law relationships with foreign elements (cross- border relationships) and the control of effect of the recognition of foreign judgments. Case law of the European Court of Human Rights offers several examples of these obligations addressed to the national courts of the European states, parties to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Resumé: Ochrana ľudských práv zahŕňa aj kontrolu účinkov použitia cudzieho práva na právne vzťahy s cudzím prvkom (cezhraničné právne vzťahy) a kontrolu účinkov uznania cudzích rozsudkov. Judikatúra Európskeho súdu pre ľudské práva ponúka niekoľko príkladov týchto povinností adresovaných vnútroštátnym súdom európskych štátov, zmluvných strán Európskeho dohovoru o ochrane ľudských práv a základných slobôd. Key words: Human rights, Private International Law, private law relationships with foreign element, public policy exception. About the Author: JUDr. Elena Júdová, PhD. is a senior lecturer, member of the Department of International, European Law and Legal Communication of the Faculty of Law, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica (Slovak Republic). She specializes in Private International Law, mainly on the issues of family law and succession with cross-border implication. 1. Introduction Pursuant to Article 1 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 4 November 1950 (hereinafter referred to as the European Convention), Contracting States are obliged to ensure that anyone within their jurisdiction has been guaranteed the rights and freedoms enshrined in this Convention. Thus, a Contracting State is obliged not only to ensure that the individual rights guaranteed by the European Convention are respected in any judicial or other proceedings conducted by its authorities, but also to ensure that its legal order complies with the requirements of the European Convention, i.e. to amend or replace a legal enactment which could have a negative effect on enjoyment of human rights. 2 2 KMEC, J. et al. Evropská úmluva o lidských právech: komentář . [European Convention on Human Rights: commentary]. Praha: C.H. Beck, 2012. p. 152, p. 322. ĽALÍK, T. Vplyv judikatúry Európskeho súdu pre ľudské práva na rozvoj ľudských práv v Slovenskej republike. [Influence of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights on the development of human rights in the Slovak Republic Republic]. In: Justičná revue , vol. 61, no. 12, 2009, pp. 1305-1324, MOKRÁ, L. Pozitívny záväzok SR voči medzinárodným ľudsko – právním zmluvám. [Positive commitment of the Slovak Republic to international human rights treaties]. In: Právna ochrana základných práv a slobôd v národnom štáte a medzinárodnom priestore. [Legal protection of fundamental 1 This work was supported by the European Commission under Grant Agreement 800789.

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