AOAC SPIFAN Stakeholder Program Meeting Book (March 17, 2021)
Physiology
• Major component of cell membrane and of central nervous system • Important roles in: • neurological and cognitive systems • brain and lung development • inflammatory response • Human brain rich in phospholipids (PC and PS) • SM essential building block of myelin sheath
Structure
Glycerophospholipids
Sphingophospholipids
Polar Head
HO OH OH
H C 3
H C 3
+
O -
H N 3
+
HO
H C 3
+
CH 3
H C 3
CH 3
N
O
N
head
HO
NH 3 +
O O P O - O
Sphingomyelin (SM)
O O P O - O H
O O P O - O H
O O P O - O H
O O P O - O H
phosphate
H
O
glycerol backbone
O
O
NH
O
sphingosine backbone
O
O
O
O
R 2
O
O
O
O
O
HO H
O
O
R 2
O
R 2
R 1
R 2
O
R 2
O
R 1
R 1
R 1
R 1
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)
fatty acids
Phosphatidylinositol (PI)
Phosphatidylcholine (PC)
Non-Polar Tail
Phosphatidylserine (PS)
R 1 , R 2 = fatty acids
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