2019 Year 12 IB Extended Essays

Extended Essay The Influence of Failed Oriental Anti-Imperialist Movements on Later Successful Movements Research Question: How did the anti-imperialist revolts of the Filipino nationalist movements and Boxer society inspire later, successful movements? Introduction In Asia, the 20 th Century was an era of greater revolution and growth than any century beforehand. The 1800s had been a ‘Century of Humiliation’ in which the European Empires had expanded their power and influence deep into Asia. The 20 th Century opened with a series of conflicts between the forces of renewed imperialism and those of decolonisation, and it would later see the collapse of the European and Oriental Empires. This essay will cover the events of 1896-1901 and analyse their effects on the movements which would later end imperialism in the Orient. The Philippine Revolution and subsequent Insurrection and the Boxer Rebellion were anti-imperialist movements which failed to overcome imperialism in the Philippines or in China but hold important places in the shared knowledge of either nation. The conflicts in the Philippines served to untie the disparate culture of the archipelago, creating a pan-Filipino identity and the conflicts also created a guerrilla legacy which would help pave the way for future autonomy and independence. The Boxer Rebellion broke the last vestiges of faith in the Manchu Qing dynasty and would partially inspire the tactics and ideals of the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party in their own revolutions.