9781422278895

Revolutionary leader Vladimir Ulyanov became known as Lenin. He used the ideals of Marxism to lead a Communist revolution that transformed Russia.

to an ideology called Marxism that is based on the ideas of the philoso- phers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. This ideology holds that society can function without class divisions or government as long as people contribute as much as they can and take only what they need. In his Com- munistManifesto, Marxwrote: “In place of the old bourgeois societywith its classes and class antagonisms we shall have an association in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all…Workers of the world unite!” This philosophy led to the establishment of communism in Russia. In 1922, Russia became part of the USSR, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, symbolized by a red flag adorned with a crossed hammer and

1 3