News Scrapbook 1968-1969

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s IED IN COURT .. oun e ocument nMission Bv"Mista~rf A Fake, Historian S ys Hist2~!~~AL old Hy JOE STO:\E f f dd D Q

est Race

Cali ornia ry ikened to Lunar

•

a m o n g 8.000 pages . ent to Home m 1919 111 supp1rt of the bcatifkation of Father Serra.

Ga~par goofed. He w sup pos1>d to find I\Ionterey bu,I end- ed up in San Francisco. Don Gaspar de Portola, gov- ernor of Baja Claiiornia, 'was ordered by the Visitor General of New Spain, Don Jose de Gal- vez. to explore the port of l\1011- tercy and establish a presidio and m i s s i o n for the Spanish cro,rn. SPEAKS AT CO, 'VE, ·no.. The Portola expedition I e It San Diego for :\1onterey July 14. 1769. By '.\ov. 4 the en!Irc party "as atop Sweeney Htclgr. over- lookmg San Vra11<:1sco Uay • .ind \lonterey mistakc-n!y had lx'en bypassrd Dr. Theodore ;, 'freut lcin. prof c· s so r ol 111stor)· ,1I ~;111 Francisco Slale, told tlw story ul lhe difl1cuil.ies f'ort ola .ind his men cncouutei·ed on lhl'Jr expedition, m a talk tn the San Diego County Jlistorical Conven- tio yesterday at the U'l!iversity of San Diego. • EXPEDITION LEAVE 1 The port of M o n t e r e y had been discovered by Sebastian Vizcaino in 1602. The establish- ment of a presidio at Monterry was intended to prote ' t the coast of California against the ambitions of the Rus51ans and the English. Treutlein said. Both land and sea exp1 ditions were dispatched and I\Crc to rl'ndczvous in San Oit!go. On . la} 15, !769. the ·an D;cgo Presidio as founded by Capt. Fernando Hivera y ::'>lonrada. Julv 16 Fathrr Junipero ::ic, ra • (Conllnurd on b-t, Col. 6) I

1011 San Die-go from

mov~ \Ii

A donuncnt which wa u cd as l'\ idcnce in one of tlw most fumo11s court ca. PS in San llil'uo t11,tory Y;US called a fak_e yestt•rdity by a pnc t-his- turian peaking ~t the lJmvcr s1ty of San Ilic o. The H~v. Maynard F. Geig- er, arch1v1 t at !\li~sion Santa Barbara nnd hi torian of th1• Franci. can Provmce of Santa Ba rh.ira, made the statcml'nt Lo delegate to the th1 cc-day Fifth Annual San Diego Coun- ty llistor1cal Convention in ~1- c,,la Park . D ED I m:: fie cforr ·d to ,, doeumPnt entered as dl'fl·rH.iant'. exhibit 2;1 111 !he lawsuit brought for tht> p • o p I e of an Diego gain. t the Cuyamaca Water Co . o •r the right to all the 11ati•r m the San Diego Rivl'r. /\ ttorncys for the defendant Cuynrnac;1 Water Co. found the docum ·nt 111 the Banc1 oft Library They introduced it ,1 · proof ol their contention thi.t the pa11ish viceroy m lllexico t'1lv, Antonio .\!aria Bucareli y u rsu:i had given f'ather ,J11nipero Serra Pl•rmission to UIJIDtJ

Pres1d10 1h11 to :ll1ss1on Valley where it 1s no". arne time, the con- t e n t i o II was, the document gave the m1 s,on and its In- habitants th(' Miter m the 11v- er. It was dated Dec 17, 1773. and signed lo It i1as the naml' of Bucan·li belo11 the na e Julio Ramon Mendoza. a sec- The co u r ts ev ntu lly ,g. nored th_e _doeument 111 making the dee,. ion which, on June strife over water m the river ~·ather Geiger said he spent a Yl•ar _stu_dying the document and solic,tm~ the study of five c x p e r ts m h1:story and the I language as it was 20, 1929, l'nded 19 years of system. , pan_1sh Ttw work was done. and the result. pn•pared for a report to thi · meeting at the request of Ben ~. Uixon. San Uiego t o r I a n, Father Geiger The pnc l . aid although he the document al the time it was not in c I u de d lud1ed At the relary. and 1· wr ;ttcn NOT SE r TO RO:\IE h i said

) cars

then. 20

bcli£'1 ed

Ile

Russ Called Spain's Opponent in Contest

ago, that it was spurious.

ink could the 1770s,

and

The pare,

ha v e been from

Father Geiger said, but he be- lieves the writing was done m

Israel Called ew S arta Of Mideast' ~ Dctf ?frtffii Accordmg lo i:Irouk 1'1awla- wi, much of tht> world has re- duced the :\liddle East situation into a series df d ches, such as: Israel is merely a small coun- try tr) ing to exist among hostile Arab nations which are trying lo throw the Jews into the Mediterranean Sea. It i nothing more than P peaceful little slate that wants on!) to negotiate'. And, the Arab co11ntries arr poor losers that do not want to sit down and n e g o l i a I e a settlement ADDRESSES STUUEl'ffS Sure, Israel is • mall," Maw- lawi, director of the Aral> .eague Office in San Francisco, told a student gathering at !hi' Un 1 v e r s i t y of San Diego yesterday. "But it's the new Sparta of I the J\I id d 1 e Rast," he ~aid. ••with a superior air force. nd 1l won·t hesitate Jo use all the napalm it can to terrori7.e its neighbors and expand its state." Israel is the aggressor, not the Arab nations, Mawla11 i, a Le- banese, said. "It is 1srael. that stands con• demned in the Security Council of the United :'Jations, he said. '·Yet much of the outside 11orld has reduced the Pale.tine ques- tion into cliches. URlVEN FARTHER BACK ''And, meanwhile. the Arabs of Palestine arc driven farther and farther into the interior.'' The continuing ::'>Ii dle East situation ha been caused by two opposing nationals," not by di f f e r e n t religions or racial groups, ::'vlawlawi said. On one side was the Zionist movement to create a Jewish state in the Holy Land he ~id. and on the other side were Arab nationals, indigenous to Pales- tine. whose obJec!ivc was. to bring about self-determmation in their homeland. M a w I aw i said there \\ere 56,000 Jews Jiving in Palestine in 1917 and that they numbe ed 8 per cent of the population and held legal title to one per cent of the land. '·They lived peacefully and equally and identified with the Arab way of life." he said ZJOl\l:ST FOOTHOLD Mawlawi said Zionism !Jegan getting a foothold when World War I ended and Palestine was put under Brilisb mandate. and Jews were allowed to immi- grate in huge numbm·s Even through this policy, which the Arab nations termed a betrayal by the allied p vers. there appeared little likelihood that a Zionist state 11011ld be formed. he said. ''But what Hitler and the ·a- zis did altered the picture con- vincingly.1' he said. "Hit I c r helped create the worst inJustice against the Arab ?

the 1850s.

REASO'.',S CITED

FathL'r Geiger, who serve on the historical commission for the cause of Father Seri a, the advocacy of sainthood for California's rou·nder, reviewed spondence of Serra. of vice r o y and of the military governor of Alta California, a_ nd of Father Luis Jayme. who first suggest e d mov- mg the mission to its present th e J\lan doc um en t s were forged in the 1850s in order to press pril'ate claim for Cali- fornia land during the change lo the government of the Unit- (Continued on b-7, Col. 2) for the audience the con-e- lo~ation. The document is not men- tionc he priest said.

Seven San Diego-area college and umvcrsily emors have been awarded honors in the annual Wocxlrow Wils n Fellowship Foundation competition. Gregory J, Vinciguerra Jr. Univcmty of San Die- 10 Uav1d am bert T.

Educators Trace Campaign In Historical Society Talks By FRANK SALDANA

Smith .Jr., both of I e mver 1- tJ of California, received hon- orable mentions in llw compe- tition among future co I I e g e tcaclwrs in the IJnitrd State and Canada. Vinciguerra. ~n internati nal relations maJor. is the son of \Ir. and :\!rs. Gregory \'inc1- guerra Sr., 4203 :\loraga Ave. Cunmngham, a chemistry ma jor, and Smith a psychology maJor. are among 1.111 stu- dents to be so honored nation- allv. Four local students received Woodrow Wilson Fellowships De ignate awards. They arc

Like today's race to the Moon, colonization of Alta (upper) California in the 18th Century was accelerated by Russian ambi- tions on the new continent. This was the parallel drawn by DI' Donald Nuttall, Whittier College professor, who addressed 277 delegates 1o the fifth an- nual n · n Diego County Historical Society at the niversily of San Die o _-esterday. An e paniard w o planned, organized and selected the leaders of four expeditions to the new frontier was described as "one of the least known and least understood 200th centennial heroes" by r Iris JI. Wilson history professor at the universi- ty, who also c 1vere a paper to the group. ''Jose de Galvez, the royal representative of King Carlos JH to New Spain from 1765 to 1772, deserves greater recognition for his over-all role," she said, in "shaping the destiny of Spain's most valuable and potentially endangered viceroyalty." The three-day convention continued today with a tour of Mis- sion San Diego Alcala and the delivery of other papers on Cali- fornia's early history. Spanish, Colonial Merchants Obiected Galvez was named visitor general and was given unque;;tion- able royal authority which he used to bring about adminislra- tive reforms in the colony, Dr. Wilson said. "Galvez accomplished his reforms over objections raised by both Spanish and colonial merchants," she said. The visitor general also was credited with expulsion of the Jc ·uits order from Mexico. Even before the king became concerned with Russian activi- ties along the Pacific coastline, Dr. Wilson said, Galvez had planned the occupation of Alla California and the king's "re- quest for investigation" was viewed as official sanction for his California project. At San Blas in May 1768, Galvez made final plans for the as- sault on California by two ships and two land parties. He also planned the civilian occupation of Baja California and estab- ' lished the conditions by which land would be granted to new in- habitants. "So precise wPre his plans," Dr. Wilson said, "that in the construction of houses he ordered the planting of two fruit trees at equal distance from the door 'thus making the premises comfortable and protecting same from the hot sun, while beau- tilying and enriching the town.' " Occupation Reached Greatest Height Galvez appointed Portola and Father Junipero Serra to lead the expedition, the professor said, and "this effective combina- tion enabled Spain to gain a foothold in Upper California. Span- ish occupation reached its greatest height." But Portola. who led the expedition, was described by Kuttalt as a '·most disenchanted conquistador" who led the 300-mile trek from Mission Santa Maria on May 11, 1769 to San Diego. The· history professor said Portola's year in Upper California may have been the highpoint in his 50-year military career, but for him it was a period of misery, hunger, disease and disap- pointments. "His first major discouragement experienced." N"uttall said, "was upon viewing conditions in San Diego." where he had ex pected to find a mission and presidio established by the crews of the San Carlos and San Antonio. Crews Incapacitated by Scurvy Instead, the crews were mcapacitated by scurvy," he said, "and therefore, he found a hospital filled to capac(ty and a cemetery possessing 34 occupants." Portola resumed his journey northward on July 14, 1769. to- ward Monterey Bay, Nuttall said, "and as in the moon contest of today, time was of the essence if the race with the Russians to the bay was to be won." In his journals, Portola described his 60-man expedition as "skeletons, who had been spared by scurvy, hunger and thirst," Nuttall said. and before their return to San Diego, morale had reached its lowest point when they could not recognize the bay. However. the expedition did !ind San Francisco Bay a few days later, then journeyed back to locate Monterey Bay after they realized it had been bypassed. The most distasteful part of the journey was the need to eat the flesh of the weakest pack mules on the trek back to San Diego. l\uttall said, which Portola said was eaten without ~alt or seasoning and '·we shut our eyes and fell on them like hun- gry lions." San Diego Mission Established Portola said the expedition returned to San Diego on Jan. 24, 1770, "smelling frightfully of mules," to find Father Serra had · founded the San Diego de Alcala Mission. The conquistador and San Diego's first inhabitants continued· to suffer hunger and sickne• until ).farch of that year when supplies arrived on the San Antonio. The ship's arrival averted the abandonment of Upper Califor- nia, Nuttall said. After the mission of San Carlos Borromeo was established in Monterey, Portola was impatient to return to Mexico. He ar- rived at San Blas on Aug. 1, 1770, never to return to Upper California. Nultal said Portola was pessimistic of Upper California's fu- ture and despite the many laurels he received, may have re- plied: "Many thanks, but in my mind it simply is well that the job indeed is done. " Y.t;/4f

HISTORIAN'S VIEW flNION ~-7-1,1 ocument Held Fake (Continued) rd States from that of ~Iexico, f The s u pc r i ors were all in Father Geiger sa1cf. .Mexico. He read letters fron the live Am on g quotations u s e d

. San Diego State College p y- GREGORY VL CIGUERR.\ JR. chology major Mrs. Barbara K. Sawyers and UCSD students Patricia A. Benefiel philosophy, Henry II. Knapp Ill. physics, and Charle II. Seiter. physical chemistry. The designates are digible lo receive cash awards from the loundatwn. Xearly 12.000 college seniors were nominated nationally for the foundation a11ards. 11aad ,

S.F. Founded By Mistake de Alcala Treutlein said Their "road map" 11as a navi- edly said the outer port would The Ja~d expedition left San gator's handbook w r it t e n by serve to hous~ the Spanish_ ar- . . . Adm. Jose Gonzalet Cabrera mada and the mner port, shield- Diego Wi th some th mg over 60 'Bueno in the form of sea routes.-erl from the winds, would prov- men. They were to meet tr:" _sea including descriptions of coastal ide a p I a c e to set up the force 1~ th ~ port of :Vlon·eiey. islands headlands and orts. 11ission. Treutlem said. ' p .. · . 'LOCKED CHEST' The expedition returned to S1~kness and hardship accom- . San Diego Jan. 24, 1770. A suc- panied Portola and hJS men and Sgt. Jose Francisco _Ortega, a cessiu! march lo Monterey fi. by Octobor they also w~re beset member of t~e exped1tJon. was nal!y look place April 17 to May with doubt as to their exact impr~ssed with San Francisco 24 . i?70. Treutlein said. location. and its potent 1 a I as a safe,---------~~ AT WRONG PORT port. Treutlein said that Ortega was :he party by?assed Monterey. supposed to have· said it was thmkmg that 1l was not what "like unto a secure!) locked they were looking for. When chest." they arrived in San Francisco, Portola was supposed to have (Continued) that they had found 8ap F -- n cisco would do, Treutlein said. founded the Mission San Diego cisco. Treutlein said. ~nd Father Juan Crespi suppos-

from l_clters of the experts by . "I have never seen a Span- 1_h document "h1ch 1s so stu- insanely express- the pnest were: It appalls me _to lhmk any- on~ _should_ consider the po~ sl?_,l)lY of it bemg ~enume... 1 h: . l~nguag_e,, ls not re- motel> idiomatic. • . . F'mal!y, Father Geiger said, the five experts agree with him that the signature of the viceroy was traced - placed over a genume signature by B u c a r e I i and copied a. it 5howed through the covering paper. " I leave ii to you here in San Diego to find 001 · how, Y;hen. where and why the doc- u me n l came · t b mg," G ·g r concluded ., c~----~ p1dly and ed · · · " .

experts who agreed him make a decision. All re- jecled the auth nticity of the d o cu m e n t. Among their to help It "as writr n by a person not fnmiliar with the Spanish I a n g"' a g c. The gcrdcr of nouns and adJectives d(J(! not - match There arc s paratrons of 11ords which are unheard of 111 • pa111s' There 11 as no office such a egundn St'cret;irio that gM'll ,Julw Hamon ~lendoza, • up- po cd writer nr the nott• 1 ic name of thl' seer etarv 11 ho wrote such document. for the viceroy i~ known, and it was nol Julio Ramon :"vtendoi:a. ·o record can be found of Julio Ramon Mendoza. No secret ry of any period would sign his name before or ahovc that of the viceroy. A document such as this would m ver have been signed by s secretary. In the document Father ·er- ra addressed as ' upcri- or " lie was pac 1 re presidenle, and w:i always ~o addre ·pd, reasons:

however, they knew from the commented t ha t if Monterey description in their "road map" could not ·be found - San Fran-

~adtteftlf Discussion Set At ·USD SAN DIEGO - Farouk ::\lawlawi, director -0f tlie Arab Information Center in° San Francisco, will speak at the University o/ San Diego today, Mar. 6 Mawlawi will speak at 12:15 p.m .,t Mo:-e Ha!l on 'Th; Prospect tor Peace in the Middle East." H public appearance is sponsored b) the USD student Political Sci- ence Club. students meet Mawlawi at • an Diego International Airpor· and e cort him to the campu~ He will meet ,vith the Arab :.-tu- dents following lunch. Mawlawi is from Lebanan, where he recleved his sec ondary education at the Ka- tional High School in Tripoli. He has also received the Gen- eral Certificate ot Education from the University of London. He came to the U n i t e d States in 1953 and atte11_ded Roosevelt University and the University of Chicago. He re- ceived a bachelor of science in mathematics and later a mas,ter of arts in political science'. • Has Taught He joined the service of the Arab League in 1959 as assist- ant director of the Arab In- formation Center in Chicago. Mawlawi also served as publlc liaison officer for the Arab State Delegation Office in New York in 1961 and '62. Since October 1962, Maw- lawi has been director of the Arab Information Center for the Western Region, with head quarters in San Francisco. He has taught courses in Arab. History and Islamic civ- ilization at the University of ti1e Pacific in, tockton and is 11 l'isitlng Jpcfurer at e Cali- fornia In. itute of A~ian Stud- ie~ in n F'ranci~<'O. t:SD Jirom Lebanon Arab

AMPUS .CORNER UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO By JOHN KENNEDY

-

Talk Set Vo/It. On 'Impact' A nationally known psychologist will discuss the impact of colleges on their students at the University of San Diego tomorrow (Friday). Dr. Theodore Newcomb, visiting professor of psychology at the University of California at San Diego, will speak at 12:15 p.m. in the College for Women Theater. Sister Irene Lawrence, chairman of the college's sociology departmment, said, "Dr. Newcomb will pose a question which has to be faced squarely and is a chahenge to the faculty of any university." The talk is directed to students as well as faculty, she noted. A pr9fessor of psychology at the University of Michigan, Dr. Newc-omb is author of the text, "Social Psychology," used by numerous universities, and has prepared many studies on the subject of his talk. (Continued 1mm Pa~e A-I) Tir<1nde, an

The vote on the unification of the university's College for Men and College for Women student governments revealed an over- whelming 85.9% of the students in favor of the proposal. Students at both colleges have been working for the merger

since last summer. Twepty- one per cent of College for Women students voted against the measure while only 14% voted against it at the Men's College. Some 532 students cast ballots. A provisional, student government to serve the two schools will be elected in June. A unique feature of the merged government will be that there will be two vice- presidents, one from each col- lege. More than 300 professional and Jay historians gathered on the University campus last week for the Fifth Annual San Diego County Historical Con- vention. Delegates presented papers on topics relating to

an DiPgo Cong1 l'SS d History will honor 10 lw;torr ns fer

vention The convention to bP- held March 6 to 8 at e nivf'r• sity of . an D1e_go has as 1t.s thPme thP 2001h anni- vrr~ar_v of the birth of San Diego and California Honor~d Dr Rn\wnnd :. R anrli'S P1nr Jami>s 1:. Mo1iart), Or Paul 1-:zt1T the Right RPI .Mgr .lames T Booth, and the Rev. Valentine II!'aly are to bt' 1-(onored for archi•Olog1<' l explo1 atJons at the beginning itt's of San IJipgc,, ann<)Un<:Pd l-11 lory Congress prPsidenl Ben F. l>ixon 0th rs to be honored arc thP Rev. Ernest .T. Bunus, ·. ,I , of t. Louis Univrr- u3 and Pie VatiC'an, and tl1P RPV Char s Polz r :.J, Southw te1·n Re earch 'Ii 10.n As n, Tuc- son. Ariz., for rhe1r cho!- arly re ·earch and publica- tions on !'arty efforts of the Je•u11 in California.

JOHN KENNEDY

the 1769 settlement of California. Dr. Manuel Servin, professor of history at the University of Southern California, will edit and publish the papers presented at the convention. students played an active roll ln the convention proceedings.

Ship models on dispJay al USD lihrar) The history o[ ships as shown in models is now on permanent di.splay at the University of San Diego li- brary. 'Ille 15 plastic models are the work of Robert Bucaro, created while he was recup- erating from a heart attack. The models include a Norse dragon ship; a Chinese ju.nk; the USS Maine; the Great Eastern; Coast Gu.am train- ing ships; the USS Missouri; the "Bonnie Dick," a Thresh- er-type submarine; the Santa 11aria; the IBIS Bounty, and the SS France. The model:i are on d:iBplay at the perlodicals Li- bTa.ry hour, are Monday through Thursday, ,m. to 11 p.m.; Fri.day 8-a.m. to !\ jp..m.; Saturday 1md unda,, 110 9 p.m.

The music of 17 n honor of , San Diego's 200th anniversary. will be feature

T~ ~/,.-/,,

Stanford Receives $150,000 Grant

medical student aid program with the balance available for general medical research. The Baxter Foundation was established in honor of Dr. Donald E. Baxter, a leader in the development of solutions for mass intravenous therapy. He died in 1935.

STANFORD (UPI) - Tue Stanford University School of Medicine has been awarded a three-year $150,000 grant by the Donald E. Baxter Founda- tion of Los Angeles. The grant requires that 20 per cent be set aside for the