2018-19 Section 7-Neoplastic and Inflammatory Diseases of the Head and Neck eBook

J. García et al. / Oral Oncology 70 (2017) 29–33

capacity of the 8th edition of the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors.

[12] van den Brekel MW, Lodder WL, Stel HV, Bloemena E, Leemans CR, van der Waal I. Observer variation in the histopathologic assessment of extranodal tumor spread in lymph node metastases in the neck. Head Neck 2012;34:840–5 . [13] Aiken AH, Poliashenko S, Beitler JJ, Chen AY, Baugnon KL, Corey AS, et al. Accuracy of preoperative imaging in detecting nodal extracapsular spread in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015;36:1776–81 . [14] King AD, Tse GM, Yuen EH, To EW, Vlantis AC, Zee B, et al. Comparison of CT and MR imaging for the detection of extranodal neoplastic spread in metastatic neck nodes. Eur J Radiol 2004;52:264–70 . [15] Souter MA, Allison RS, Clarkson JH, Cowan IA, Coates MH, Wells JE. Sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography for detection of extranodal spread from metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Laryngol Otol 2009;123:778–82 . [16] Zoumalan RA, Kleinberger AJ, Morris LG, Ranade A, Yee H, DeLacure MD, et al. Lymph node central necrosis on computed tomography as predictor of extracapsular spread in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: pilot study. J Laryngol Otol 2010;124:1284–8 . [17] Randall DR, Lysack JT, Hudon ME, Guggisberg K, Nakoneshny SC, Wayne Matthews T, et al. Diagnostic utility of central node necrosis in predicting extracapsular spread among oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2015;37:92–6 . [18] Url C, Schartinger VH, Riechelmann H, Gluckert R, Maier H, Trumpp M, et al. Radiological detection of extracapsular spread in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cervical metastases. Eur J Radiol 2013;82:1783–7 . [19] Chai RL, Rath TJ, Johnson JT, Ferris RL, Kubicek GJ, Duvvuri U, et al. Accuracy of computed tomography in the prediction of extracapsular spread of lymph node metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;139:1187–94 . [20] Joo YH, Yoo Ie R, Cho KJ, Park JO, Nam IC, Kim CS, et al. Relationship between extracapsular spread and FDG PET/CT in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Otolaryngol 2013;133:1073–9 . [21] Joo YH, Yoo Ie R, Cho KJ, Park JO, Nam IC, Kim MS. Extracapsular spread in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: diagnostic value of FDG PET/CT. Head Neck 2013;35:1771–6 . [22] Joo YH, Yoo IR, Cho KJ, Park JO, Nam IC, Kim MS. Extracapsular spread and FDG PET/CT correlations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;42:158–63 . [23] Chun BJ, Yoo Ie R, Joo YH, Nam IC, Cho JH, Kim CS, et al. Efficacy of 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT imaging for extracapsular spread of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2016;38:290–3 . [24] Su Z, Duan Z, Pan W, Wu C, Jia Y, Han B, et al. Predicting extracapsular spread of head and neck cancers using different imaging techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016;45:413–21 .

Conflict of interest statement

Authors certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the manuscript.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS PI14/01918). The study was cofunded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), A Way to Build Europe.

References

[1] UICC International Union Against Cancer. TNM classification of malignant tumours. In: Brierley JD, Gospodarowicz MK, Wittekind Ch, editors. 8th ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2016. [2] Gospodarowicz MK, Miller D, Groome PA, Greene FL, Logan PA, Sobin LH. The process for continuous improvement of the TNM classification. Cancer 2004;100:1–5 . [3] Dünne AA, Müller HH, Eisele DW, Kessel K, Moll R, Werner JA. Meta-analysis of the prognostic significance of perinodal spread in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) patients. Eur J Cancer 2006;42:1863–8 . [4] Mermod M, Tolstonog G, Simon C, Monnier Y. Extracapsular spread in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2016;62:60–71 . [5] de Juan J, García J, López M, Orús C, Esteller E, Quer M, et al. Inclusion of extracapsular spread in the pTNM classification system: a proposal for patients with head and neck carcinoma. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;139:483–8 . [6] UICC International Union Against Cancer. TNM classification of malignant tumours. In: Sobin LH GM, Wittekind Ch, editors. 7th ed. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; 2009. [7] León X, Orús C, Quer M. Design, maintenance, and exploitation of an oncologic database for patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 2002;53:185–90 . [8] Castellsagué X, Alemany L, Quer M, Halec G, Quirós B, Tous S, et al. HPV involvement in head and neck cancers: comprehensive assessment of biomarkers in 3680 patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016;108:djv403 . [9] Groome PA, Schulze K, Boysen M, Hall SF, Mackillop WJ. A comparison of published head and neck stage groupings in carcinomas of the oral cavity. Head Neck 2001;23:613–24 . [10] Steinkamp HJ, Beck A, Werk M, Felix R. Extracapsular spread of cervical lymph node metastases: diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging. Rofo 2002;174:50–5 .

Further reading

[11] Greenberg JS, Fowler R, Gomez J, Mo V, Roberts D, El Naggar AK, et al. Extent of extracapsular spread: a critical prognosticator in oral tongue cancer. Cancer 2003;97:1464–70 .

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