2018-19 Section 7-Neoplastic and Inflammatory Diseases of the Head and Neck eBook

C.

Sua´rez

et

al.

/ Auris Nasus

Larynx

43

(2016)

477–484

Table 2 Distribution

of

adenoid

cystic

carcinomas

of

the

head

and

neck.

Minor glands

Oral

salivary

salivary

cavity

(%)

Oropharynx (%)

Sinonasal

(%)

Others

(%)

No.

Major glands

(%)

(%)

et

al.

[6]

2286

1117

(48.9)

995

(43.5)

618

(27) (24) (28) (50)

43 12

(1.9)

308

(12.5)

200

(8.7)

Lloyd Chen

et

al.

[7]

140

55 18

(39) (31) (29)

85 41

(61) (39) (71)

33 17

(9)

28 13 68

(20) (22) (15) (6.5)

12

(9) (8) (1)

et

al.

[8]

59

6

(10)

5 6 –

Gomez

et

al.

[9]

457

133

324

227

23

(5)

Amit

et

al.

[10]

61 76

30

(49.2)

31

(50.8)

27 49

(44.3) (64.5) (54.3) (15.2) c (26.2) (41.9) (41.2) c (16.2)

–

4

Lee

[11] a

et

al.

27 52

(35.5)

Agarwal

et

al.

[12]

616

194

(31.5) (41.4) (26.2) (37.2) (26.2) (44.8)

422

(68.5) (58.6) (72.8) (62.8) (73.8) (55.2)

335

(8.4)

60 35

(9.7)

27

(4.4) (8.1) (19) (1.5)

Min

et

al.

[13]

99 42

41 11 48 42 47 24

58 31 81 58 96 41

15 11 54 66 17 38 28

(35.3) (16.7)

8 8 2

Oplatek

et

al.

[14]

5 3

(11.9)

7

Ko

Perez

et

al.

[15]

129 160 105 120

(2.3)

22 29

(17)

da Cruz Fordice

et

al.

[16]

118

(18.1)

23

(14.4)

et

al.

[17]

28 13

(26.7)

8

(7.6) (20)

4

(3.8)

van Weert Balamucki Anderson

et

al.

[18]

(20)

(80)

(31)

(11) (2.4)

24

16

(13.3)

[19] b

et

al.

41

(68.3)

1

8

(19.5)

4

(9.7)

a Only b Only

includes

intraoral

tumors.

includes minor

salivary

gland

tumors.

c Includes

oral

cavity

and

oropharyngeal

tumors

all

together.

AdCC

occurs

more

often

in

the

minor

salivary

glands found

these

two

events

and

accordingly,

the

term

distinguish between

than

in

the

major

glands

(20–49%),

and

is

as

applied

to

cervical

lymph

nodes

in

this

paper

(43–80%)

‘‘metastasis’’

in

the

oral

cavity, ( Table

followed

by

sinonasal

tract

and

both

possibilities

unless

stated

otherwise. uncommon succumbing

Although

mainly

includes

[6–19]

2 ).

The

most

frequent

intraoral

long-term

prognosis

is

poor,

it

is

not

for

some their some

oropharynx

the

is

the

palate,

followed

by

the

buccal mucosa

and

the

to

survive

10–15

years

before

to

subsite floor of

patients

the mouth

[11,12,20,21] .

In

the oropharynx,

the base of

late

local

and distant

recurrences

appear with

disease. As frequency,

tongue

and

the

soft

palate

are

the most

frequently

involved

long-term

follow-up

is

necessary

to

assess

the

the

sites

effectiveness of

[11,12,15,20]

( Table

3 ).

treatment. AdCC also has a high propensity for

natural

history

of AdCC

is

characterized recurrences;

by

slow,

but

invasion,

sometimes

associated

with

remotely

The

perineural occurring

growth;

multiple

local

and

distant

lesions

along

nerve

sheaths,

which

significantly

relentless

hematogenous dissemination mainly to the

lung, nodes

liver, bone and

the

risk

of

recurrence

after

resection,

even

when

increase

Involvement

of

regional

lymph

is

relatively

are

obtained.

brain.

negative margins

and

has

often

thought

to

be

the

result

of

direct

elective

neck

dissection

(END)

generally

has

not

uncommon extension of

Although

tumor

from an adjacent primary

tumor

site. Lymph

considered

indicated

in

treatment

of AdCC,

there

is

some

been

spread,

in

contrast,

has

been

considered

to

occur

on

its

potential

advantage

in

terms

of

a

reduction

of

node

debate

infrequently.

regional relative patient

In

practice,

it

is

often

difficult

or

impossible

to

recurrence

and

distant

spread.

However,

due

to

the

rarity

of

these

tumors,

most

studies

report

on

small

cohorts

over

extended locations

periods,

including

all

histologic

in

the head and neck,

thus making

types and at various

Table 3 Relative subsites.

difficult

to

draw

solid

conclusions

about

therapeutic

options.

it

localization

of

adenoid

cystic

carcinoma

by

oral/oropharyngeal

further

address

this

issue,

we

critically

reviewed

the

To

on

AdCC

of

the

oral

cavity

and

oropharynx

to

literature determine

Bianchi et al.

Min et

da

Cruz

Agarwal et al.

the

frequency guidelines

of

cervical

lymph

node

involvement be managed.

[11]

[20]

al.

[12]

Perez et al.

[15]

and On

to

suggest

on

how

the

neck

should

these

purposes,

we

undertook

a

search

of

the

English

No.

cases

76

67

335

54

cavity palate tongue

subsites

Oral Hard Oral

in

the PubMed database

(including Medline) using

the

literature

(49.5) a

22

(28.9)

48

(71.6)

166

29 10

(53.7) (18.5)

strategy

‘‘adenoid carcinoma

cystic

carcinoma

oropharynx’’,

search

3

(3.9)

3 3 6 2 3 2

(4.5) (4.5)

17 31 59 10

(5.1) (9.3)

cystic

oral

cavity’’,

and

‘‘adenoid

cystic

‘‘adenoid

13

(17.1) (11.8)

5 5 5

(9.3) (9.3) (9.3)

Buccal mucosa

excluded

case

reports,

series with

a

carcinoma head neck’’. We

of mouth

9 – –

(9) (3)

(17.6)

Floor

number

of

cases,

and

papers with

no

information

on

the

small neck

(3)

Lip

area

(4.5)

Retromolar

status

and/or

outcomes.

(3)

Alveolar mucosa –

subsites

Oropharynx

2.

Incidence

and

consequences

of

cervical

lymph

node

tongue

10 12

(13.2) (15.8)

52

(15.5)

Base Soft

metastasis

palate

(2.6) (3.9)

Tonsil

2 3

specified

3

(5.5)

Not

to

the

cervical

lymph

nodes

is

uncommon metastases

in at

Metastasis

a Includes

The

incidence

of

clinically

evident

AdCC.

hard

and

soft

palate.

28