LAKE VICTORIA BASIN
the cost of transport into the Lake Victoria Basin is about twice as much as transporting the same cargo to the coastal zone (Golub and Varma 2014). This reduces economic opportunities and slows down economic growth in the landlocked upper region of the Basin. This situation is, however, projected to change with the ongoing development of regional transport corridors under the auspices of the EAC. Some of the proposed corridors transverse the LVB and will, therefore, be expected to improve trade, investment, agriculture and industrial production, as well as the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources – helping to boost the economy of the Basin. Oil Pipeline Oil imports to the EAC and Lake Victoria Basin States are partly serviced through the pipeline in Kenya, which has two terminal depots at Kisumu and Eldoret. Transport of oil from these depots to western Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo is by both road and water/marine transport. The EAC partner states are considering extending the oil pipeline to Kampala in Uganda, Kigali in Rwanda and to Bujumbura in Burundi in the future. The extension of the pipeline will further support the economic integration of countries in East Africa. As a result of the developing oil industry in Uganda, there are plans to run a pipeline through the LVB into Tanzania and to the port in Dar es Salaam. The pipeline is expected to facilitate the export of oil through the port facilities in Tanzania. Air Transport There are three international airports in the LVB: Entebbe in Uganda, Eldoret in Kenya and Kigali in Rwanda. There are plans to upgrade Kisumu Airport in Kenya and Mwanza Airport in Tanzania to international standards. The growing potential for trade and tourism, are likely to result in more air transport in the basin countries. The Basin has various smaller landing facilities and airstrips: Homa Bay, Kisii and Kericho in Kenya, Mbarara in Uganda, and Bukoba and Musoma inTanzania. These facilities allow regional and national connections that help enhance air travel between themajor towns in the LVB and beyond. The airstrips are largely under-utilized and therefore, the Basin and the region at large need a more vibrant economy to make more efficient use of these facilities.
Transport system
Nile river basin
Mersa Matruh Alexandria
Port Said
Lake Victoria basin
Borg el Arab
Oil/fuel pipeline Lamu corridor Capital city
Cairo
Embaba
Taba
Airport Main deep-sea harbour Lake Victoria port Inland port
El Minya
Hurghada Sharm el Sheikh
M a i n N i l e
EGYPT
Luxor
Trans-African highways Annual Seasonal Inland navigation routes
Aswan
Shark el Oweinat
Paved Non paved
Wadi Halfa
Railways
Operational Non operational
Port Sudan
M a i n N i l e
Dongola
Atbara
ERITREA
Massawa
Khartoum
Asmara
W h i t e N i l e
SUDAN
El Fasher
Kosti
B l u e N i l e
DJIBUTI
Nyala
Renk
Bahar Dar
Djibouti
Malakal
Addis Ababa
Bole
ETHIOPIA
Gambella
Aba Segud
Wau
SOUTH SUDAN
Bor
Juba
Buta Zega
Gulu
Isiro Matari
UGANDA
Bunia
KENYA
Eldoret
Kampala
Kisangani Bangoka
Kisumu
Port Bell
Entebbe
DEMOCRATIC REPUBIC OF THE CONGO
Lake Victoria
Goma
Nairobi
Jomo Kenyatta
Bukoba
Musoma
RWANDA
Kigali
Bukavu Kavumu Kamembe Bujumbura
Lamu
Mwanza
Arusha
Kindu
Malindi
BURUNDI
Kilimanjaro
Moi
TANZANIA
Mombasa
Tanga
Pemba
Dodoma
500 km
Dar es Salam
To Juba
100 km
Lake Victoria basin
UGANDA
Jinja
Northern Corridor
Kampala
KENYA
Main airports Lake Victoria main ports
Port Bell
Kisumu
Nakuru
Main navigation routes
Homa Bay
Mbarara
Bukoba
Nairobi
LakeVictoria
ToKisangani
Ruhengeri RWANDA
Musoma
Nansio
Kibuye
Kigali
To Mombasa
Gitarama Kibungo
Butare
Mwanza
Ngozi
TANZANIA
BURUNDI
Bujumbura
Arusha
Gitega
Source:NileBasin InitiativeSecretariat,2013, “Stateof theRiverNileBasin2012”; StatisticsDepartmentAfrica InfrastructureKnowledgeProgram,2013, “Stateof Infrastructure inEastAfrica”,ChiefEconomistVicePresidencyof theAfricanDevelopmentBank.
ToCentralCorridor
ToCentralCorridor
Copyright©2016GRID-Arendal ·Cartografare ilpresente/NievesLópez Izquierdo
The Kisumu Airport terminal building
Figure 3.4: East Africa’s transport corridors
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