SPORT 1913 - 2013

References

achieved by knowing in advance that you will beat inferior opponents. The on-field hand- shake between Bobby Moore and Pele during the 1970 World Cup match between England and Brazil symbolises such honour and re- spect. The ‘hand-of-god goal’ scored against England by Diego Maradona, wonderful play- er though he was, does not. Sport is thus a symbolic dialogue: it sym- bolizes the strict requirements of how a dia- logue should be conducted (Ashworth, 1971). Sport, then, involves a dramatic representa- tion of who we are and who we would like to be. The stadia is a theatre in which we experi- ence a range of pleasure emotional and excit- ing significance: the excitement of the played- game, uncertain as to its outcome but its significance lying in what we have invested in it emotionally, morally, socially. Our champi- ons as our heroes express both the myths, and revered social values of a society, and the sports ethic that underpins involvement in sport (Coakley, 2003). They have to take risks, to exhibit the hallmarks of bravery and cour- age and show integrity. That is why we re- member them but not necessarily the work processes outlined here that underpin their construction as part of the sports industrial complex.

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