8th Grade Science Guide

8.2: Physics 3 Dimensions & Progressions

Unit 1

STANDARD ● 8.2.1 Use computational thinking to analyze data about the relationship between the mass and speed of objects and the relative amount of kinetic energy of the objects. Emphasis should be on the quantity of mass and relative speed to the observable effects of the kinetic energy. Examples could include a full cart vs. an empty cart or rolling spheres with different masses down a ramp to measure the effects on stationary masses. Calculations of kinetic and potential energy will be learned at the high school level. (MS-PS2-2)

CONCEPTS

SKILLS

● Relationships between mass and speed of objects ● Kinetic energy

● Computational thinking ● Analyze data ● relationships

LEARNING PROGRESSIONS

● Objects at rest have potential energy ● Motion energy is called kinetic energy ● It is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed.

VOCABULARY

● Kinetic energy ● Potential energy ● Energy transfer ● Exert

● Relative ● Stationary ● Conversion ● Stored energy ● Collision

● Proportional ● Linear ● Non-linear

POSSIBLE PHENOMENA ● When an adult does a cannonball into the swimming pool, their splash is much larger than a kid’s cannonball splash. ● When a Soyuz Capsule returns to Earth from the International Space Station, parachutes and motors are used to slow the falling capsule before it hits the Earth. ● The softballs used in the Milk Bottle Toss game at the fair are flled with cork to make them lighter. END OF UNIT COMPETENCY WITH LANGUAGE SUPPORTS ● I can graph the kinetic energy of two objects with the same mass moving at different velocities. ○ Language Supports: ■ Abstract nouns to introduce concepts (effect, relationship) ■ Connectors to link clauses (as a result of, therefore, instead, however, on the other hand) ■ Clause types to express causality (if/then)