Environment and Security: Transforming risks into cooperation

Eastern Caspian

Environment and Security

Contents

Hinterkaspien Introduction and executive summary The Caspian region Overview Recent transitions Striving for energy security An area of geopolitical importance Changing livelihoods in the eastern Caspian region Natural capital, energy resources, and wealth distribution New opportunities or a gloomy outlook? Environmental degradation and security Environmental consequences of oil and gas development Legacy of the military-industrial complex Freshwater Marine resources and biodiversity Fluctuating sea level and natural hazards Conclusions Conclusions and recommendations Possible actions under the Environment and Security Initiative

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Annex Bibliography and references Endnotes

Environment and Security Transforming risks into cooperation

The case of the Eastern Caspian Region