Environment and Security: Transforming risks into cooperation

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Environment and Security

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Water quality in the lower reaches of the riv- er in Atyrau province is considered normal and has generally improved since the 1990s (UNECE 2006, NESSD 2006, Kazhydromet 2008 b), while further upstream the river is still receiving contaminants – mostly from

industry in Russia and western Kazakhstan. The Ural delta is an important sturgeon spawning ground and a habitat for endan- gered bird species. Given the important role played by the Ural river in maintaining good water quality, high priority should be given

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