apxHTeKTYPbl ne>KHT B TOM, YT06b1 BCKpblTb 3aKOHbl XYAO>KeCTBeHHoro no– CTpoeHH$1,AO CHXnop 6blBWHe YAenoM nHWb HHTYH4HH»1• B TeopHH nOCTpoeHH$1 apXHTeKTYPHblX opraHH3MOB "1. ronocosa H 6btna CAenaHa nonblTKa «BCKpblTb 3aKOHbl XYAO>KeCTBeHHoro nOCTpOeHH$1», Pac– CMOTpHM OCHOBHble nOIIO>KeHH$1 :noH TeOpHH, Ji1 OPMA B Ha1.1ane20-x rOAOB H. fonocoa CAenan nonblTKY AaTb paaeepHyToe H nocneAOBaTenbHOe H3nO>KeHHe,.cBoero TBOpYeCKOrO KpeAO B pa6oTe «nOH$1- THe MaCCbl H <1>opMbl B npo4ecce apXHTeKTYPHOH KOMn03HL\HH» (pa6oTa OCTanacb He3aaepweHHOH, <1>parMeHTbl H3 Hee H. ronocoB n03AHee BKlllOYHJl e ceoH TPYA «OcHOBbl coepeMeHHOH apxHTeKTYPHOH KOMn03HL\HH»). B 3TOH pa6oTe OH HaYHHaeT C Bbl$1CHeHH$1 nOH$1TH$1«apXHTeKTypHa$1 Macca». «npH KOMn03HL\HH rpynnbl coopy>KeHHH HllH OAHOrO coopy>KeHH$1,- nH– weT OH,- He06XOAHMO OTllH'-taTb Macey OT <1>opMbl». Macey, no MHeHHIO H. ronocoea , OTIIHYaeT OT OpMbl ee HeHTpallbHOCTb K TaKHM CBOHCTBaM,KaK eec, cTpyKTypa, MaTepHan, nnoTHOCTb H T. A, Bee 3TH H3HYeCKHe CBOH– CTBa,- CYHTaeT OH,- MOryT 6btTb npHCYW,H TOllbKO OpMe, a He Macce. Macca («apxHTeKTy pHa$1 Macca», «ycnoBHa$1 Macca» )- «noA 3THM TepMH – HOM,- nHWeT "1. ronocos ,- Mbl YCIIOBHMC$1nOHHMaTb TY HIIH Apyry10 npo– CTeHwy10 06'beMHy10 <1>opMy, He Hecyw,y10 e ce6e HHKaKoro eHyTpeHHero coAep>KaHH$1, T. e. He $1Bn$110w,y10c$1 cneAcTeHeM TOHHIIH HHOHcy6'beKTHBHOH apXHTeKTypHOH HAeH. ApXHTeKTypHa$1 Macca, KaK TaKOBa$1,He HMeeT COAep>KaHH$1,He eCTb Bbl– $1B/leHHeonpeAelleHHOH MblCnH, noTOMY OHa COBepweHHO ceo60AHa B CBOHX <1>opMax H OTHOCHTellbHOHX 6e30TBeTCTBeHHa. Ka>KAOe apxHTeKTypHoe coopy>KeHHe Mbl 6yAeM paccMaTpHBaTb KaK co CTOpOHbl Mace, TaK H co CTOpOHbl <1>opM,He CMeUJHBa$1 npH 3TOM 3TH ABa no– H$1TH$1 (Me>KAY co6oH). PaccMaTpHBa$1 apxHTeKTypHoe coopy>KeHHe co cTopoHbt Mace, Mbl AOn– >KHblCOBepweHHO OT6poCHTb ero HAelO, oceo60AHB TeM ce6$1 OT OTBeTCTBeH– HOCTHHapyweHH$1 cy6'beKTHBHOH <1>opMbl, nOAXOAHTb K HeMy c o6'beKTHBHOi:i CTOpOHbl, BHe HenocpeACTBeHHOH 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ero HHAHBHAyanbHOH HAeH. ,lJ.pyrnMH cnoeaMH, «apx,neKrypHaSIMacca» ecTbnpocreHwaS1 06beMHaS1 <1>opMa, He Hecy111asa a ce6e HHKaKoro cy6beKrHBHoroaHyrpeHHeroapxHreK• rypHoro COAep>KaHHSI H He 3aBHCHMaSI OT Hero. , , l,,13Bcero BblWecKa3aHHoro BHAHO, '-!TO nOH$1THeapxHTeKTypHOH OpMbl pe3KO OTnHYaeTC$1OT nOH$1TH$1 MaCCbl TeM, '-!TO <1>opMa 3aBHCHMa OT COAep– >KaHH$1 - OHa eCTb ClleACTBHe 3Toro COAep>KaHH$1H eCTb ero Bbtpa>KeHHe. EcnH Macca He HeceT B ce6e BHyTpeHHero COAep>KaHH$1 - 6e30TB8TCTB8H– Ha K HeMy H Boo6w,e H83aBHCHMa, TO <1>opMa, Hao6opoT, 3aBHCHMa H OTBeT– CTBeHHa OT COAep>KaHH$1,ee Bbl$1BHBUJero. BocnpHHHMaSI OPMY, Mbl ow,y– w,aeM ee BHyTpeHHee COAep>KaHHe. He MO>KeT 6btTb apxHT8KTYPHOH <1>opMb16e3 onpeAeneHHoro coAep>Ka- MACCA
1917-1925
1 l,13 HCTOpHH COBeTCKOH apXHTeKTYPbl
rr. MarepHallbl
H AOKyMeHTbl.-
M.,
51
1963.- C. 26, 29, 30.