Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan GRIP 2014–2023 |
45
Hard coal and lignite
Biogas and biofuel
Peat
Waste
Oil products
Natural gas
Heat pumps
Hydro
Nuclear
Wind
%
4
19
2
1
27
13
2
1
30
1
Figure 2.26:
Structure of energy consumption, 2012
2.8 Sweden
ENERGY POLICY
The Swedish energy policy is largely influenced by national as well as international
instruments, especially EU policies. The Swedish government has defined 4 main
goals for 2020:
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50% of Sweden’s energy use shall come from renewable energy sources;
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10% renewable energy in the transportation sector;
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20% more efficient energy usage;
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40% reduction of climate gases compared to 1990.
Beyond 2020, 2 goals are defined:
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In 2030 Sweden shall have a vehicle fleet that is independent of fossil energy;
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In 2050 Sweden shall have no emissions of carbon dioxide.
Even though natural gas is not a large energy source in Sweden, it may play an im-
portant role in reaching the defined goals. Oil and coal can be replaced by natural
gas and biogas for sectors such as industry, heat and power, vehicle fleet and
the marine fuel market (LNG). Investments have been made, especially for various
biogas and LNG projects.
MARKET PLAYERS
Since 1 June 2013, Swedegas is the new TSO in Sweden. Before that, Svenska
Kraftnät, a state owned authority, had that responsibility. On 1 October 2011,
Swedegas acquired the transmission system branches from E.ON (230 km pipe-
lines, 32 measuring and regulator stations and the only Swedish storage facility)
which made Swedegas the owner of the complete transmission system, comprising
620km pipelines and 41 measuring and regulator stations. The system is located
in the southwest part of Sweden with only one entry point which is located in
Dragör, Denmark. This means that the Swedish natural gas market is totally depend-
ent on import from Denmark.
The Swedish gas market actors consist of a TSO, 6 Distributors (DSO), 7 Gas Sup-
pliers (GS) and 4 Balance Responsibles (BR). The BRs enable planning, settlement
and invoicing in the natural gas system. In addition to the DSOs, there are a few
larger industries connected to the transmission system.
ENERGY MIX
The energy mix in Sweden is dominated by biofuel, oil,
hydro and nuclear. There is no production of natural
gas in Sweden and nearly all gas is imported from
Denmark through the pipeline system. 10–15TWh is
currently a normal value for the total yearly volume of
natural gas but in 2010 the volume had a peak of
19TWh. The reason for this was a very cold winter and
that a gas-fired CHP plant was implemented in the
system. In 2013 the total yearly volume was 13TWh.
