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P A R T 5
Drugs acting on the autonomic nervous system
C H E C K Y O U R U N D E R S T A N D I N G
Answers to the questions in this chapter can be found in
Appendix A at the back of this book.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Select the best answer to the following.
1.
When describing the functions of the autonomic
nervous system, which of the following would the
instructor include?
a.
maintenance of balance and posture
b.
maintenance of the special senses
c.
regulation of integrated internal body functions
d.
coordination of peripheral and central nerve
pathways
2.
The autonomic nervous system differs from other
systems in the CNS in that it:
a.
uses only peripheral pathways.
b.
affects organs and muscles via a two-neuron
system.
c.
uses a unique one-neuron system.
d.
bypasses the CNS in all of its actions.
3.
If you suspect that a person is very stressed and
is experiencing a sympathetic stress reaction, you
would expect to find:
a.
increased bowel sounds and urinary output.
b.
constricted pupils and warm, flushed skin.
c.
slow heart rate and decreased systolic blood
pressure.
d.
dilated pupils and elevated systolic blood
pressure.
4.
The nurse determines that the beta
2
-receptors in the
sympathetic nervous system have been stimulated by
which finding?
a.
increased heart rate
b.
increased myocardial contraction
c.
bronchial dilation
d.
uterine contraction
5.
Once a postganglionic receptor site has been
stimulated, the neurotransmitter must be broken
down immediately. The sympathetic system breaks
down postganglionic neurotransmitters by using:
a.
liver enzymes and acetylcholinesterase.
b.
acetylcholinesterase and MAO.
c.
COMT and liver enzymes.
d.
MAO and COMT.
6.
The parasympathetic nervous system, in most
situations, opposes the actions of the sympathetic
nervous system, allowing the autonomic nervous
system to:
a.
generally have no effect.
b.
maintain a fine control over internal homeostasis.
c.
promote digestion.
d.
respond to stress most effectively.
7.
Cholinergic neurons, those using acetylcholine
as their neurotransmitter, would be least likely
found in:
a.
motor nerves on skeletal muscles.
b.
preganglionic nerves in the sympathetic and
parasympathetic systems.
c.
postganglionic nerves in the parasympathetic
system.
d.
the adrenal medulla.
8.
Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
would cause:
a.
slower heart rate and increased GI secretions.
b.
faster heart rate and urinary retention.
c.
vasoconstriction and bronchial dilation.
d.
pupil dilation and muscle paralysis.
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Select all that apply.
1.
The sympathetic nervous system:
a.
is called the thoracolumbar system.
b.
is called the fight-or-flight system.
c.
is called the craniosacral system.
d.
uses acetylcholine as its sole neurotransmitter.
e.
uses adrenaline as its sole neurotransmitter.
f.
is active during a stress reaction.
2.
The sympathetic system uses catecholamines at the
postganglionic receptors. Which of the following are
considered to be catecholamines?
a.
dopamine
b.
noradrenaline
c.
acetylcholine
d.
adrenaline
e.
monoamine oxidase
f.
serotonin
