C H A P T E R 5 1
Diuretic agents
817
WEB LINKS
Healthcare providers and students may want to consult
the following Internet sources:
Information on HF, pathophysiology, treatment and
research.
Information on HF, pathophysiology, treatment and
research.
New Zealand Medicines and Medical Devices Safety
Authority.
New Zealand Formulary.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bennett, S. (2008). Diuretics: Use, actions and prescribing rationale.
Nurse Prescribing, 6(2)
, 72–77.
Berry, S. D., Mittleman, M. A., Zhang, Y., Solomon, D. H.,
Lipsitz, L. A., Mostofsky, E., Goldense, D. & Kiel, D. P. (2012).
New loop diuretic prescriptions may be an acute risk factor
for falls in the nursing home.
Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug
Safety, 21(5)
, 560–563.
Farrell, M. & Dempsey, J. (2014).
Smeltzer & Bare’s Textbook of
Medical-Surgical Nursing
(3rd edn). Sydney: Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins.
Goodman, L. S., Brunton, L. L., Chabner, B. & Knollmann, B. C.
(2011).
Goodman and Gilman’s Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics
(12th edn). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Harvey, S. & Jordan, S. (2010). Diuretic therapy: Implications for
nursing practice.
Nursing Standard, 24(43)
, 40–49.
Hurst, J. W., Fuster, V., Walsh, R. A. & Harrington, R. A. (Eds.).
(2011).
Hurst’s the Heart
(13th edn). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Khatib, R. (2011). Prescribing diuretics in the management of heart
failure.
Nurse Prescribing, 9(9)
, 435, 437–441.
McKenna, L. (2012).
Pharmacology Made Incredibly Easy
(1st Australian and New Zealand edn). Sydney: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
McKenna, L. & Mirkov, S. (2014).
McKenna’s Drug Handbook for
Nursing and Midwifery
(7th edn). Sydney: Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins.
Porth, C. M. (2011).
Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts
of Altered Health States
(3rd edn). Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
Porth, C. M. (2009).
Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health
States
(8th edn). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Roberts, M. E. & Epstein, B. J. (2009). Optimizing management of
hypertension with combination therapy: Considerations for the
nurse practitioner.
Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 24(5)
,
380–389.
Shannon, G. (2011). Severe hyponatraemia—recognition and
management.
Australian Prescriber, 34(2)
, 42–45.
Sumnall, R. (2007). Fluid management and diuretic therapy in acute
renal failure.
Nursing in Critical Care, 12(1)
, 27–33.
Watson, C. & Annus, C. (2013). Intravenous diuretic delivery in the
home.
Nursing Times, 109(14)
, 20–21.
C H E C K Y O U R U N D E R S T A N D I N G
Answers to the questions in this chapter can be found in
Appendix A at the back of this book.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Select the best answer to the following.
1.
Most diuretics act in the body to cause:
a.
loss of calcium.
b.
loss of sodium.
c.
retention of potassium.
d.
retention of chloride.
2.
Diuretics cause a loss of fluid volume in the body.
The drop in volume activates compensatory
mechanisms to restore the volume, including:
a.
suppression of ADH release and stimulation of
the countercurrent mechanism.
b.
suppression of aldosterone release and increased
ADH release.
c.
activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone
system with increased ADH and aldosterone.
d.
stimulation of the countercurrent mechanism
with reflex drop in renin release.
3.
Thiazide diuretics are considered mild diuretics
because:
a.
they block the sodium pump in the loop of Henle.
b.
they cause loss of sodium and chloride but little
water.
c.
they do not cause a fluid rebound when they
work in the kidneys.
d.
they have little or no effect on electrolyte levels.
4.
The nurse or midwife would anticipate an order for
a loop diuretic as the drug of choice for a person
with:
a.
hypertension.
b.
shock.
c.
pulmonary oedema.
d.
fluid retention of pregnancy.
5.
When providing care to a person who is receiving a
loop diuretic, the nurse would determine the need to
regularly monitor which of the following?
a.
sodium levels
b.
bone marrow function
c.
calcium levels
d.
potassium levels
