C h a p t e r 4
Cell Proliferation and Tissue Regeneration and Repair
85
R E V I EW E X E R C I S E S
1.
Following a heart attack, the area of heart muscle
that has undergone necrosis because of a lack of
blood supply heals by replacement with scar
tissue.
A.
Compare the functioning of the heart muscle
that has been replaced by scar tissue with that
of the normal surrounding heart muscle.
2.
A 35-year-old man comes in with a large
abscess on his leg. He tells you he injured his leg
while doing repair work on his house and he
thinks there might be a wood sliver in the
infected area.
A.
Explain the events that lead to formation of an
abscess.
B.
He is told that incision and drainage of the
lesion will be needed so healing can take place.
Explain.
C.
He is reluctant to have the procedure done and
asks whether an antibiotic would work as well.
Explain why antibiotics alone are usually not
effective in eliminating the microorganisms
contained in an abscess.
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SUMMARY CONCEPTS
■■
Tissue repair involves regeneration with the same
cell type, or when regeneration cannot restore the
injured tissue, by replacement with fibrous (scar)
tissue.
■■
Cutaneous wound healing occurs by primary and
secondary intention and is commonly divided
into three phases: inflammatory, proliferative,
and remodeling. In wounds healing by primary
intention, such as occurs in a sutured surgical
incision, the duration of the healing phases is
fairly predictable and the edges of the wound
are closely approximated. Larger wounds that
have a greater loss of tissue heal by secondary
intention, a process that is more unpredictable
and results in formation of larger amounts of
scar tissue.
■■
Wound healing can be impaired or complicated
by factors such as malnutrition, poor blood flow,
diminished inflammatory and immune responses,
infection, wound separation, and the presence of
foreign bodies.
