207_Combined course Presentations

Diagnosis and staging

• A 48 years old male with a 4cm anal mass. • Biopsy: Squamous cell carcinoma. • Positive HPV 16 and HPV 53. HIV test:Negative • MRI: mass 3.6 cm. No involvement of external sphincter. No enlarged inguinal or pelvic lymph nodes detected. • CT scan/PET scan: No metastases.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal cT2 cN0M0. Stage II.