207_Combined course Presentations

Work-up and diagnosis

• Standard work up includes proctoscopy • Examination under anaesthetic (EUA) is necessary on occasions in anal cancer to inspect and obtain biopsy • Pelvic MRI mandatory for loco-regional staging • TRUS if MRI not available but difficult in advanced anal lesions • Whole body CT to determine if metastatic disease • Positron emission tomography (PET/CT) scan