US History

U.S. History Study Guide

Dutch make great money in the fur trades, especially trading with a whole new population of natives. These factors aside, there were several other push and pull factors that drew the English into this new frontier. The English were making great money selling wool, which caused the English to concentrate more on turning the land into pastures for sheep. Unfortunately, this created less land for farmers and pushed some farm laborers completely out of work and into a position where the New World was their only option. Some people saw high reward in investing in the NewWorld. The emerging middle class could pull together their resources in a joint stock and have a colonist create the supplies that England demanded. There were vast raw materials in these new lands, therefore they could produce a timber industry and farming industry at a cheaper cost than the places they currently used. A final important factor was religious persecution and dissatisfaction. There was tremendous fallout in England after the Protestant Reformation. King Henry VIII created the Church of England and many people began to question its reforms. It was a tumultuous period in history where many people were unhappy. In the years that would follow, the English would not tolerate any religion that challenged the Church of England, especially because the church and government were considered the same. Essentially, this meant challenging the crown. Many religious sects took flight to a New World for renewed hope. 3.5 Colonization Roanoke (The Lost Colony) Sir Walter Raleigh turned his attention to the southern portion of the North American coast, the large portion of territory he claimed, he named Virginia, after Queen Elizabeth I of England. This territory is not to be confused with the modern day state, but a chunk of territory from modern day Maine to North Carolina. In 1587 a voyage was sent; a group of colonist, men, women, and children headed for the colony to start a new life. The colony was supposed to go to the Chesapeake, but instead landed on Roanoke Island, modern day North Carolina . The first English colonial birth took place shortly after the colonist’s arrival in 1587; they named their daughter Virginia Dare. Although things were very difficult it seemed like the colony was moving forward. Governor John White decided to set sail back to England to resupply and bring more people to the colony in 1587. He returned in 1590 and found no trace of his colonists other than two clues "CRO" carved on a tree and "Croatian" carved on a post. John White had to return home due to a developing hurricane, never knowing what became of his settlers. Many theories on what happened have been conceived. Some believe the colonists may have moved north to the Chesapeake, moved inland, or tried to sail back to England. Possibly the surviving colonists could have merged with the Native Americans in the surrounding areas, but there is no definitive information as to exactly what happened.

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