Best Management Practices for Maryland Golf Courses

Wetlands.................................................................................................................................... 31 Lake and Ponds ......................................................................................................................... 31 Water Quality Monitoring ......................................................................................................... 36 Nutrient Management ................................................................................................................ 38 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................................................ 38 Soil Testing ............................................................................................................................... 39 Plant Tissue Analysis ................................................................................................................ 41 Fertilizers Used in Golf Course Management........................................................................... 41 Soil pH....................................................................................................................................... 44 Nutrient Management Planning ................................................................................................ 45 Fertilizer Applications............................................................................................................... 50 Cultural Practices ....................................................................................................................... 52 Mowing ..................................................................................................................................... 52 Cultivation................................................................................................................................. 58 Cultivar Selection...................................................................................................................... 63 Overseeding Warm-Season Turfgrass....................................................................................... 65 Integrated Pest Management ..................................................................................................... 66 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................................................ 66 IPM Overview........................................................................................................................... 66 IPM Implementation ................................................................................................................. 69 Record Keeping and Evaluation................................................................................................ 75 Pesticide Management ................................................................................................................ 76 Regulatory Considerations ........................................................................................................ 76 Human Health Risks.................................................................................................................. 77 Personal Protective Equipment ................................................................................................. 78 Environmental Fate and Transport ............................................................................................ 78 Application Equipment and Calibration.................................................................................... 80 Pesticide Record Keeping ......................................................................................................... 82 Pesticide Transportation, Storage, and Handling ...................................................................... 82 Mixing/Washing Station ........................................................................................................... 84 Disposal..................................................................................................................................... 84 Pesticide Container Management.............................................................................................. 85 Emergency Preparedness and Spill Response ........................................................................... 85 Pollinators .................................................................................................................................... 87

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