Corrections_Today_November_December_2019

NIJ Update

National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice. 8 Spinaris, C. (2013). “Occupational Exposure to Primary and Secondary Trauma in Corrections.” Corrections.com , January 7, 2013. Available online: http://www.corrections.com/news/article/31682-oc- cupational-exposure-to-primary-and-secondary-trau- ma-in-corrections; Lewis, K. (2013). “Secondary Trauma,” APPA Perspectives , Vol. 37, No. 1. 9 Welch, M. (2011). “Corrections: A Critical Approach” 3 rd Edition. Routledge, London & New York. 10 Neuhaus, L. (2017). “Florida Prison Chief: State Losing Corrections Staff to ‘Wal-Mart,’ Creating Insecurity in System,” Florida Politics . March 16, 2017. Available online: https://floridapolitics.com/ archives/234079-florida-prison-chief-state-losing- corrections-staff-wal-mart-creating-insecurity- system; Grissom, B. (2014). “Prison Officials Seek Ways to Recruit, Retain Officers,” Texas Tribune , November 14, 2014. Available online: https://www. texastribune.org/2014/11/14/prison-officials-seek- ways-recruit-retain-guards/ 11 Vickovic, S.G., Griffin, M.L., & Fradella, H.F. (2013). “Depictions of Correctional Officers in Newspaper Media: An Ethnographic Content Analysis,” Criminal Justice Studies , Vol. 26, No.4. 12 Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2019). The Employment Situation Summary, February 2019. 13 Adkins, A. (2016). “Millennials: The Job-Hopping Generation,” Gallup Business Journal , May 12, 2016. Available online: https:// www.gallup.com/workplace/236474/millennials- job-hopping-generation.aspx 14 The underlying research is part of NIJ’s Priority Criminal Justice Needs Initiative, a program of RAND, the Police Executive Research Forum, RTI International, and the University of Denver. The research was funded by NIJ award 2013-MU-CX- K003, awarded to the RAND Corporation working in partnership with the University of Denver. This article is based on the grantee report “Building a High-Quality Correctional Workforce: Identifying Challenges and Needs” (RAND, 2018). The report contributors were Joe Russo, Dulani Woods, George B. Drake, and Brian A. Jackson.

and selection strategies will need to change accordingly. Further, changes will be needed to attract younger employees to corrections staff. Ad- ditionally, the paramilitary structure of corrections should be reexamined. Where possible, staff should be of- fered more flexibility as well as input into decisions that affect their work experience. Finally, the participants argued that in order to build a high-quality workforce, there must be sustained investments in training, nurturing and developing staff with an emphasis on grooming future leaders. Endnotes 1 Stinchcomb, J.B., McCampbell, S.W. & Layman, E.P. (2006). Future Force: A Guide to Building the 21 st Century Community Corrections Workforce , Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Corrections, U.S. Department of Justice; Stinchcomb, J.B., McCampbell, S.W. & Leip, L. (2009). Recruiting, Retaining, and Developing the 21 st Century Jail Workforce , Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Justice Assistance, U.S. Department of Justice. 2 Peterson, L. (2017). “State of Emergency Declared in W. Va. Jails, Prisons Due to Staffing Level,” Charleston ; Tidd, J. (2019). “‘Please Don’t Quit’: Kansas Governor Addresses Prison Staff after Emergency Declared,” Wichita Eagle , February 14, 2019. Available online: https://www.kansas.com/ news/politics-government/article226291365.html 3 Associated Press. (2019) “MS Prisons ‘a pressure cooker,’ MDOC Commissioner Warns. Staff Shortage Leads to Lockdown,” January 27, 2019. Available online: https://www.clarionledger.com/ story/news/2019/01/27/ms-prison-lockdown- mdoc-cites-staff-shortage-more-lockdowns-possi- ble/2694591002/ 4 New Mexico Department of Corrections. (2017). Hearing Brief to Legislative Finance Committee, July 21, 2017. 5 Association of State Correctional Administrators, Survey on Correctional Officer Salary, Vacancy and Turnover. Unpublished. 6 Sumpter, M. (2008). “The Correctional Work Force Faces Challenges in the 21 st Century,” Corrections Today , August 2008. 7 Ferdik, F.V. & Smith, H.P. (2017). “Correctional Officer Safety and Wellness Literature Synthesis,”

Statement of Ownership U.S. Postal Service STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND CIRCULATION (required by Section 3685, Title 39, United States Code), (1) Title of Publication: CORRECTIONS TODAY. (2) Publication No.: 019-640. (3) Date of Filing: October 1, 2019. (4) Frequency of Issue: 6 times per year. (5) No. of Issues Published Annually: 6. (6) Annual Subscription Price: $35 (7) & (8) Complete Mailing Address of Known Office of Publication/Headquarters of Publisher: 206 N. Washington St., Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314. (9) Full Names and Complete Mailing Addresses of Publisher and Editor. Publisher: James A. Gondles Jr. Editor, Floyd Nelson. American Correctional Association, 206 N. Washington St., Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314. (10) Name and Complete Mailing Address of Owner: American Correctional Association, 206 N. Washington St., Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314. (11) Known Bondholders, Mortgages, and Other Security Holders Owning or Holding One Percent or More of Total Amount of Bonds, Mortgages or Other Securities: Sandy Spring Bank, 611 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20850. (12) The Purpose, Function, and Nonprofit Status of This Organization and the Exempt Status for Federal Income Tax Purposes: Has Not Changed During Preceding 12 Months. (13) Publication name: CORRECTIONS TODAY. (14) Issue date for circulation data: November/ December 2019. (15) Extent and Nature of Circulation: Average No. of Copies Each Issue During Preceding 12 Months: (a) Total Number of Copies (Net Press Run): 9,166. (b) Paid and/or Requested Circulation: (1) Paid and/or requested mail subscriptions: 8,807. (3) Other classes mailed through USPS: 131. (c) Total Paid and/or Requested Circulation (sum of (15b1) and (15b3): 8,938. (d3) Free Distribution by Mail (Samples; Complimentary; and other Free): 23. (d4) Free Distribution Outside the Mail (Carriers or Other Means): 0. (e) Total Free Distribution (sum of (15d3) and (15d4)): 23 (f) Total Distribution (sum of (15c) and (15e)): 8,961. (g) Copies Not Distributed: 165. (h) Total (sum of (15f) and (15g)): 9,126. (i) Percent Paid and/or Requested Circulation (15c/15f x 100): 99.7 percent. Actual No. of Copies of Single Issue Published Nearest to Filing Date: (a) Total No. of Copies (Net Press Run): 9,200; (b) Paid and/or Requested Circulation: (1) Mail subscriptions: 8,807 (3) Other classes mailed through USPS: 131. (c) Total Paid and/ or Requested Circulation (sum of (15b1) and (15b3)): 8,938. (d3) Free Distribution by Mail (Samples; Complimentary; and other Free): 26. (d4) Free Distribution Outside the Mail (Carriers or Other Means): 0. (e) Total Free Distribution (sum of (15d3) and (15d4)): 26. (f) Total Distribution (sum of (15c) and (15e)): 8,964. (g) Copies Not Distributed: 165. (h) Total (sum of (15f) and (15g)): 9,129. Percent Paid and/or Requested Circulation (15c/15f x 100): 99.7 percent. (17) This Statement of Ownership will be printed in the November/ December 2019 issue of this publication. (18) I certify that the statements made by me above are correct and complete: Floyd Nelson, director, Communications and Publications.

Joe Russo is the corrections technology lead at the Justice Technology Information Center, an NIJ program funded through a grant to Leidos Innovations Corporation. Russo is a co-author of the report

that is the subject of this article.

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