SPADA

Virus eradication – considerations to 1999 Additional Global Commission sanctioned research – reflect (new) technologies of the time Cloning of Variola virus genomes – in representative segments Hybrid viruses* (1981): proof of recombination/“transfection” • Scientific Advisory Group of Experts (1984) Sequencing of virus genomes – • 1993 - Two complete Variola virus “major”genomes available Bioterrorism threat once vaccination program ceases Decision to prohibit genetic manipulation of Variola virus , restrict access to genomic elements and genome Reports that Russia had attempted to “weaponize” Variola virus o Vaccine research using Vaccinia virus vector

* Sam and Dumbell Expression of poxvirus DNA in coinfected cells and marker rescue of thermosensitive mutants by subgenomic fragmentsof DNA Annales de virologie,1981

WHO/WHA process IOM 1999, 2009 research 2000 to today

SMALLPOX RESEARCH AGENDA: DIAGNOSTICS