Lower GI 2016

CAO/ARO/AIO-94

5-year Outcome

Postoperative CRT

Preoperative CRT

p

13%

6%

Local recurrences

.006

Sphincter preservation* Acute toxicity grade 3-4 Distant recurrences

19%

39%

.004

40%

27%

.001

38%

36%

.84

76%

74%

Overall survival

.80

*Deemed to require APR

Sauer R. et al., N Engl J Med 2004