Basic Clinical Radiobiology 2017

Table 9.1: α/β ratios for human normal tissues and tumors Tissue/organ Endpoint α/β (Gy) 95% CL (Gy) Source Early reactions Skin Erythema 8.8 6.9; 11.6 Turesson and Thames (1989) Erythema 12.3 1.8; 22.8 Bentzen et al. (1988) Dry desquamation ≈ 8 N/A Chogule and Supe (1993) Desquamation 11.2 8.5; 17.6 Turesson and Thames (1989) Oral mucosa Mucositis 9.3 5.8; 17.9 Denham et al. (1995) Mucositis 15 –15; 45 Rezvani et al. (1991) Mucositis ≈ 8 N/A Chogule and Supe (1993) Telangiectasia Telangiectasia Telangiectasia Mean Late 2.9 Mean Early 10.6 H&N, Lung tumors high , Breast, Prostate tumors low 2.8 2.6 2.8 1.7 3.4 3.1 3.5 1.7; 3.8 2.2; 3.3 –0.1; 8.1 0.6; 2.6 2.3; 4.5 1.8; 4.4 0.7; 6.2 Fibrosis Cosmetic change in appearance Induration (fibrosis) Yarnold et al. (2005) Bentzen et al. (1989) Olsen et al. (1990) Powell et al. (1990) Jiang et al. (1994) Dische et al. (1981) Jiang et al. (1994) Deore et al. (1993) Dische et al. (1999) Bentzen et al. (2000) Dubray et al. (1995) Rezvani et al. (1991) Impaired shoulder movement Brachial plexopathy Brachial plexopathy Optic neuropathy < 3.5 N/A N/A 2 1.6 –7; 10 Myelopathy Corneal injury < 3.3 N/A –4; 10 2.5; 5.3 2.2; 9.6 2.2; 5.8 –0.2; 8.5 1.1; 5.9 3.3; 5.0 0.8; 14 –0.6; 2.5 Stricture/perforation Various late effects Pneumonitis Lung fibrosis (radiological) Various late effects Various late effects Various late effects Various late effects Turesson and Thames (1989) Bentzen et al. (1990) Bentzen and Overgaard (1991) Bentzen and Overgaard (1991) START Trialists Group (2008) Subcutis Breast Muscle/vasculature/cartilage Nerve Spinal cord Eye 2.9 3.9 4.3 4.0 3.1 3.5 4.0 3.8 0.8 Bowel Bowel Lung Stuschke and Thames (1999) Maciejewski et al. (1986) Maciejewski et al. (1990) Late reactions Skin/vasculature

Head and neck Head and neck Supraglottic larynx Tumours Head and neck Various Oral cavity + oropharynx

10.5 14.5

6.5; 29 4.9; 24 ‘ wide ’ 2.9; ∞ 3.6; ∞ –11; 43 4.5; 11.3 –3.3; 5.6 1.1; 8.1 1.5; 17 –1.1; 2.5 –1.4; 5.4

Stuschke and Thames (1999) Rezvani et al. (1993) Robertson et al. (1993) Maciejewski et al. (1989) Maciejewski et al. (1989) Bentzen and Ritter (2005) START Trialists Group (2008) Geh et al. (2006) Bentzen et al. (1989) Thames and Suit (1986) Lee et al. (1995) Trott et al. (1984)

Larynx

≈ 13

Vocal cord

Buccal mucosa

6.6 7.2 16 8.5 1.1 4.6 4.9 0.6 0.4

Tonsil

Nasopharynx

Skin

Prostate

Breast

Oesophagus Melanoma Liposarcoma