2021 Annual Report

The Company maintains a separate general valuation allowance for each portfolio segment. These portfolio segments include commercial, Paycheck Protection Program, construction and land development, 1-4 family mortgage, multifamily, CRE owner occupied, CRE nonowner occupied, and consumer and other with risk characteristics described as follows: Commercial: Commercial loans generally are loans to sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, and other business enterprises to finance accounts receivable or inventory, capital assets, or for other business related purposes. Commercial lending is not without risk as this asset class has generally exhibited higher loss rates compared to other loan types. The primary repayment sources for commercial and industrial loans are the existing cash flows of operating businesses which can be adversely affected by company, industry and economic business cycles. Economic trends influenced by unemployment rates and other key economic indicators are closely correlated to the credit quality of these loans. The liquidation of collateral, typically accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, or other business assets, is the primary source of principal repayment if the borrower defaults. The value of these assets can be uncertain in a liquidation scenario. Paycheck Protection Program: The Paycheck Protection Program, or PPP, loan segment was added by the Company starting in the second quarter of 2020. PPP loans are loans to businesses, sole proprietorships, independent contractors and self-employed individuals who meet certain criteria and eligibility requirements through a loan program established by the CARES Act and administered through the Small Business Administration, or SBA. PPP loans generally have two or five year terms and earn interest at 1%. The Company believes that the primary source of repayment will be forgiveness granted by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. Credit risk in these loans is limited due to a full guarantee by the U.S. Government. The Company does not assign risk ratings to loans in this segment and will continue to monitor segment performance as circumstances evolve. Construction and Land Development: Construction and land development loans generally possess a higher inherent risk of loss and have experienced the highest loss rates of any loan category based on statistics published by the FDIC. Risks associated with these loans often include the borrower’s ability to complete the project within specified costs and timelines and the reliance on the sale of the completed project as the primary repayment source for the loan. Trends in the commercial and residential construction industries can significantly impact the credit quality of these loans due to supply and demand imbalances. In addition, fluctuations in real estate values can significantly impact the credit quality of these loans, as property values may determine the economic viability of construction projects and adversely impact the value of the collateral securing the loan. 1-4 Family Mortgage: The degree of risk in residential mortgage lending involving owner occupied properties depends primarily on the borrower’s ability to repay in an orderly fashion and the loan amount in relation to collateral value. Economic trends determined by unemployment rates and other key economic indicators are closely correlated to the credit quality of these loans. Weak economic trends indicate that the borrower’s capacity to repay their obligations may be deteriorating. Residential mortgage lending also includes the credits to finance nonowner occupied properties used as rentals. These loans can involve additional risks as the borrower’s ability to repay is based on the net operating income from the property which can be impacted by occupancy levels, rental rates, and operating expenses. Declines in net operating income can negatively impact the value of the property which increases the credit risk in the event of default. While 1-4 family mortgage loans have historically possessed a lower inherent risk of loss than other real estate portfolio segments, this loan class was significantly impacted during the last recession due in part to weak credit underwriting and speculative lending practices which led to higher default rates and deterioration in residential real estate values. Multifamily: Multifamily lending has historically had the lowest default rate of any loan class. Nonetheless, economic factors such as unemployment, wage growth and home affordability can impact vacancy rates and property cash flow. In addition, an overbuilt supply of multifamily units can increase competition amongst properties and could have an adverse effect on leasing rates and overall occupancy, which could result in higher default rates and possible loan losses. CRE Owner Occupied: Owner occupied commercial real estate loans are generally reliant on a single tenant as the repayment source for the loan. The underlying business can be affected by changes in industry and economic

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