The Andean Glacier and Water Atlas
The effect of El Niño on weather in the Andes Th effect of El Niñ on weather in the Andes
Dry condit
Dry conditions
Dry conditions
Wet conditions
Wet conditions
Wet conditions
Rising of moist warm air
Rising of moist warm air
Rising of moist warm air
South East trade winds reversed or weakened
South East trade winds r v rsed or weak ned
Severe droughts Warmer summer Intense winter
Severe droughts Warmer summer Intense winter
S vere droughts Warmer su mer I tense winter
Warmwaters accumulates on South America’s coast
Warmwaters acc mulates on South America’s coast
uth
rainfall Dryer than usual Dr er than usual rainfall
t
Dryer than usual
D yer than usual
rainfall
Depth of the thermocline change, reducing upwelling of cold water
Depth of the thermocline change, reducing upwelling of cold water Depth of the thermocline chang , reducing upwelling of cold water
Warm ocean layer
Warm ocean layer
Cold ocean layer
Cold ocean layer
Cold and warm episodes Oceanic Niño Index
Cold and warm episodes Oceanic Niño Index
3,0
3,0
2,0 ld and warm episode eanic Niño Index ld and warm episode eanic Niño Index 2,0 2,5 Strong Very strong 2,5 Strong Very strong
1,5
1,5
Moderate
Moderate
1,0
1,0
Weak
Weak
0,5
0,5
Ve Ve
0,0
0,0
-0,5
-0,5
Weak
Weak
M
-1,0
-1,0
Moderate
Moderate
-1,5
-1,5
Strong
Strong
-2,0
-2,0
-2,5
-2,5
1995
2000
200
1950
1950
2010
1955
1955
1960 2018 2015 196
1965
1965
1970
1970
1975
1975
1980
1980
1985
1985
1990
1990
1995
1995
2000
2000
2005
2005
2010
2010
2018 2015
2018 2015
Source: National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration
Source: National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration Source: National Ocea ic nd Atmospheric Administration
GEO-GRAPHICS / GRID-Arendal 2018
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