Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology, 4e

C o n t e n t s

Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Balance 181 Acid–Base Balance 191 CHAPTER 9  Stress and Adaptation 206 Stress and Adaptation 206 Disorders of the Stress Response 215 CHAPTER 10  Disorders of Nutritional Status 223 Energetics and Nutritional Status 223 Overweight and Obesity 230 Undernutrition and Eating Disorders 234 UNIT 3 • Hematopoietic Function 241 CHAPTER 11  Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues 241 Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues 241 Nonneoplastic Disorders of White Blood Cells 246 Neoplastic Disorders of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Origin 249 CHAPTER 12  Disorders of Hemostasis 261 Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation 261 Hypercoagulability States 267 Bleeding Disorders 269 CHAPTER 13  Disorders of Red Blood Cells 277 The Red Blood Cell 277 Anemia 282 Polycythemia 291 Age-Related Changes in Red Blood Cells 291 UNIT 4 • Infection and Immunity 297 CHAPTER 14  Mechanisms of Infectious Disease 297 General Concepts of Infectious Diseases 297 Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases 306 Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases 311 Treatment of Infectious Diseases 314 New and Emerging Infectious Diseases 316 CHAPTER 15  Innate and Adaptive Immunity 318 Introduction to the Immune System 318 Innate Immunity 325 Adaptive Immunity 331 Developmental Aspects of the Immune System 341 CHAPTER 16  Disorders of the Immune Response 344 Hypersensitivity Disorders 344 Transplantation Immunopathology 352 Autoimmune Disease 354 Immunodeficiency Disorders 358 UNIT 5 • Circulatory Function 375 CHAPTER 17  Control of Cardiovascular Function 375 Organization of the Circulatory System 375 Principles of Blood Flow 378 The Heart as a Pump 382

Introduction to Pathophysiology xviii UNIT 1 • Cell and Tissue Function 1 CHAPTER 1  Cell Structure and Function 1 Functional Components of the Cell 1 Cell Metabolism and Energy Storage 8 Integration of Cell Function 12 Tissues 17 CHAPTER 2  Cellular Responses to Stress, Injury, and Aging 31 Cellular Responses to Persistent Stress 31 Cell Injury, Death, and Senescence 36 CHAPTER 3  Inflammation, the Inflammatory Response, and Fever 49 General Features of Inflammation 49 Acute Inflammation 53 Chronic Inflammation 61 Systemic Manifestations of Inflammation 62 CHAPTER 4  Cell Proliferation and Tissue Regeneration and Repair 71 Cell Proliferation and Tissue Regeneration 71 Healing by Connective Tissue Repair 78 CHAPTER 5  Genetic Control of Cell Function and Inheritance 87 Genetic Control of Cell Function 87 Chromosomes 95 Patterns of Inheritance 98 Gene Technology 99 CHAPTER 6  Genetic and Congenital Disorders 106 Disorders Involving Single or Multiple Genes 106 Chromosomal Disorders 115 Disorders Due to Environmental Influences 120 Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis 124 CHAPTER 7  Neoplasia 129 Characteristics of Benign and Malignant Neoplasms 129 Etiology of Cancer 137 Clinical Manifestations 144 Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment 147 Childhood Cancers and Late Effects on Cancer Survivors 153 UNIT 2 • Integrative Body Functions 159 CHAPTER 8  Disorders of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance 159 Composition and Compartmental Distribution of Body Fluids 159 Water and Sodium Balance 167 Potassium Balance 177

xv

Made with