Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology, 4e

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Contents

Obstructive Disorders 631 Malignant Tumors of the Kidney 636 CHAPTER 26  Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease 639 Acute Kidney Injury 639 Chronic Kidney Disease 643 Chronic Kidney Disease in Children and Elderly Persons 652 CHAPTER 27  Disorders of the Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract 656 Control of Urine Elimination 656 Disorders of Lower Urinary Tract Structures and Function 661 Urinary Tract Infections 667 Cancer of the Bladder 671 UNIT 8 • Gastrointestinal and CHAPTER 28  Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal System 675 Organization and Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract 675 Gastrointestinal Innervation and Motility 680 Secretory Functions of the Gastrointestinal Tract 686 Digestion and Absorption in the Gastrointestinal Tract 689 Anorexia, Nausea, and Vomiting 693 CHAPTER 29  Disorders of Gastrointestinal Function 696 Disorders of the Small and Large Intestines 705 CHAPTER 30  Disorders of Hepatobiliary and Exocrine Pancreas Function 724 The Liver and Hepatobiliary System 724 Disorders of Hepatic and Biliary Function 731 Disorders of the Hepatobiliary System and Exocrine Pancreas 745 UNIT 9 • Endocrine System 753 CHAPTER 31  Mechanisms of Endocrine Control 753 The Endocrine System 753 CHAPTER 32  Disorders of Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism 767 General Aspects of Altered Endocrine Function 767 Anterior Pituitary and Growth Hormone Disorders 768 Thyroid Hormone Disorders 775 Adrenal Cortical Hormone Disorders 783 CHAPTER 33  Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome 793 Hormonal Control of Nutrient Metabolism and Storage 793 Diabetes Mellitus 799 Hepatobiliary Function 675 Disorders of the Esophagus 696 Disorders of the Stomach 701

The Systemic Circulation and Control of Blood Flow 394 CHAPTER 18  Disorders of Blood Flow and Blood Pressure 402 Blood Vessel Structure and Function 402 Disorders of the Arterial Circulation 404 Disorders of Arterial Blood Pressure 420 Disorders of the Venous Circulation 436 CHAPTER 19  Disorders of Cardiac Function 444 Coronary Artery Disease 444 Endocardial and Valvular Disorders 457 Disorders of the Pericardium 465 Cardiomyopathies 468 Heart Disease in Infants and Children 472 CHAPTER 20  Heart Failure and Circulatory Shock 486 Heart Failure 486 Circulatory Failure (Shock) 500 UNIT 6 • Respiratory Function 513 CHAPTER 21  Control of Respiratory Function 513 Structural Organization of the Respiratory System 513 Exchange of Gases Between the Atmosphere and the Lungs 520 Exchange of Gases Within the Lungs 528 Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport 530 Control of Breathing 535 CHAPTER 22  Respiratory Tract Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders 539 Respiratory Tract Infections 539 Cancer of the Lung 552 Respiratory Disorders in Children 555 CHAPTER 23  Disorders of Ventilation and Gas Exchange 565 Physiologic Effects of Ventilation and Diffusion Disorders 565 Disorders of Lung Inflation 568 Obstructive Airway Disorders 572 Interstitial Lung Diseases 586 Disorders of the Pulmonary Circulation 588 Acute Respiratory Disorders 592 UNIT 7 • Kidney and Urinary Tract Function 599 CHAPTER 24  Structure and Function of the Kidney 599 Functional Anatomy of the Kidney 599 Elimination and Endocrine Functions of the Kidney 611 Tests of Renal Function 614 CHAPTER 25  Disorders of Renal Function 617 Congenital and Hereditary Disorders of the Kidney 617

Disorders of Glomerular Function 621 Tubular and Interstitial Disorders 628