Introduction to Psychology

Introduction to Psychology counteract a drug’s effect. When drug use is stopped, compensatory responses continue and produce withdrawal symptoms. Drug addiction, which is formally called substance dependence, is a maladaptive pattern of substance use that causes a person significant distress or substantially impairs that person’s life. A drug’s effect depends on its chemical actions, the physical and social setting, cultural norms and learning, and the user’s genetic predisposition, expectations, and personality. Classes of Drugs- Stimulants, such as amphetamines, cocaine, and ecstasy, increase arousal, body functions, and boost mood. Depressants, such as alcohol, barbiturates, and tranquilizers, decrease neural activity and slow down body functions. Opiates increase endorphin activity, producing pain relief and mood changes and are highly addictive. Hallucinogens powerfully distort sensory experience and can blur the line between reality and fantasy. Marijuana produces relaxation at low doses, but can cause anxiety and sensory distortions at higher dosages. It can also impair thinking and reflexes.

© 2015

Achieve

Page 37

of 97