CYIL Vol. 4, 2013

ALLA TYMOFEYEVA

CYIL 4 ȍ2013Ȏ not in force

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43.

Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany

1996 2001 1995 1994 2006 2001 1993 2002 2001 2005 2008 2003 2010 2002 2002 2011 2007 1950 1991 2003 1982 2006 2010 2008 2010 1999 2010 1983 2003

1/11/1988 1/7/1996 1/8/1990 1/11/1988 1/7/2000 not in force 1/11/1988 1/2/1993 1/11/1988 1/11/2001 1/2/1992 1/9/1997 1/5/2005 1/9/1995 1/7/1989 1/4/2003 1/12/1997 1/2/2006 6/6/2006 not in force 1/1/1989 1/3/2003 1/3/2005 1/9/1994 1/8/1998 1/6/1989 1/6/2004 1/1/1993 1/9/1994 1/12/2009 1/11/1988 1/11/1988

1/7/2002 1/7/2002 1/2/2003 1/8/2008 1/5/2008

not in force not in force not in force not in force not in force not in force 1/8/2009 not in force not in force not in force 1/6/2010 not in force not in force not in force 1/5/2008 1/5/2008 not in force 1/2/2009 1/12/2008 not in force 1/5/2008 1/8/2010 1/5/2008 not in force 1/11/2010 1/8/2009 1/1/2009 1/8/2010 1/7/2010 not in force not in force

No liability No liability

not in force 1/11/2007

Greece

Hungary Iceland

1/7/2002 1/6/2004 1/2/2004

Ireland

Italy

not in force 1/7/2002 not in force 1/7/2002 1/11/2005 1/9/2003 1/5/2004 1/7/2007 6/6/2006 1/8/2002 1/7/2004 1/4/2003 1/9/2002 1/11/2002 1/2/2007 not in force 1/4/2003 1/7/2002 1/7/2002 1/8/2010 1/10/2004 1/7/2006

Latvia

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Moldova Monaco

Montenegro Netherlands

Norway Poland Portugal Romania

Russia

No liability

San Marino

Serbia

Slovakia Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

44.

2002

1/7/1997

1/7/2002

1/9/2009

45. 46. 47.

Turkey Ukraine

No liability

not in force 1/12/1997 not in force

1/7/2004 1/3/2010 1/4/2004

not in force 1/6/2011 not in force

2013 1940

United Kingdom

* It has to be mentioned that the dates in this column may be not absolutely correct as the criminal liability of legal persons in some states is envisaged by a few legal acts and the dates of entry into force of these laws may be different. Moreover, taking into account the fact that the sources used were mostly translations of domestic legislation into English and Russian, it is possible that the translated laws do not reflect the current situation. The author made her own research on legislation of Russia, the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Serbia, Montenegro, Moldova, Macedonia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Andorra and Albania. Information on the other countries was taken from Corporate Liability in Europe, by Clifford Chance LLP, January 2012 and from The Criminal Liability of Companies. A Global Practice Guide, prepared by the Lex Mundi Business Crimes and Compliance Practice Group, February 2008.