1st ICAI 2020

International Conference on Automotive Industry 2020

Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic

Electric Vehicles: Legal Aspects in Europe and Brazil Michely Vargas Del Puppo Romanello 1 , José Geraldo Romanello Bueno 2 São Paulo Catholic University 1 Faculty of Law, Department of Civil Law Rua Monte Alegre, 984, Perdizes, São Paulo/SP Brazil Mackenzie Presbyterian University 2 Faculty of Law, Department of Civil Law Av. Brasil, 1220, Jd. Guanabara, Campinas/SP Brazil e-mail: michelydelpupo@hotmail.com 1 , gromanello@usp.br 2 Abstract Societal changes and technological advances have triggered evolution in mobility, including the electric mobility. Electric mobility could help the EU and other countries in reducing greenhouse air pollution, gas emissions, dependence on oil and noise. In recently years global sales of new electric road vehicles is growing fast. In Europe and Brazil market for such vehicles is still small and dependent on support policies. National-level incentives such as lower taxes or provision of free public parking are promoting electric mobility in Norway, California, New Zealand, Germany, Australia, France and Brazil, since electric vehicles are more expensive than internal combustion vehicles. Care is needed to design laws and measures that will be effective from those different policy points of view, and that will promote social equity at the same time. Keywords: electric vehicles (EV), policy, safety, social equity JEL Classification: K13 1. Introduction The world is considering more and more electric cars due to the energy transition that is taking place worldwide in response to global warming; and also due to the greater energy efficiency of electric cars when compared to vehicles with internal combustion. In November 2016, the Paris Agreement (United Nations, 2016) came into force, in which most countries in the world committed to limit the increase in global temperature in this century by up to 2° Celsius in relation to the levels pre-industrial era. Countries must reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the transport sector is the one that emits the most GHGs. So, in order to decarbonize this sector, a transition to electric mobility is necessary. The electric cars are more efficient than conventional vehicles used today – the energy efficiency of an electric car exceeds 80%, whereas in an internal combustion car, this value is between 15% and 20%. In this way, electric cars represent the natural evolution of vehicle technology. Electric mobility has already been evolving at different speeds around the planet – countries like Norway, Holland, China and the USA are world highlights on the subject. In Brazil, electric cars are still arriving timidly. At the end of 2016, there were

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