IIW Annual Report 2021

ANNUAL REPORT 2O21

IN MEMORY OF DAVID LANDON

MR DAVID J. LANDON IIW President, 2020-2021

David Jay Landon, who took up the office of IIW President in 2020, passed away on 15 November 2021 in Iowa, USA. He graduated in 1981 from LeTourneau University, Longview, Texas with a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering with a welding emphasis. He was employed at Vermeer Corporation, a manufacturer of construction, industrial and agricultural equipment located in Pella, Iowa, where he had worked for over 25 year. David most recently held the role of Manager of Welding Engineering and had responsibility for welding engineering, metallurgy, and welder training. David Landon was a profound believer in the role of not-for-profit and professional associations and the importance of volunteering to help them achieve their goals. As such, he was a member of the American Welding Society (AWS) and served on the Board of Directors from 2007-2017 and as AWS President in 2015. He also made significant contributions to the development of AWS welding standards and manuals. He entered the IIW community in 1997, initially as a member of Commission XIII Fatigue of Welded Components and Structures and then followed a variety of paths within IIW. These included scientific activities associated with structural integrity, and the education, training qualification and certification systems of IIW. In 2016 he became a member of the Board of Directors, where his keen insight, open mindedness, and professional ethics were immediately recognised. In July 2019 he was selected by the General Assembly as President-elect and then confirmed as IIW President in July 2020. Even within his short tenure, he implemented changes to the organisation and its operation that will sustain IIW for many years to come. With the onset of the Coronovirus, he guided IIW through difficult times that included two virtual Annual Assemblies and numerous cancellations of meetings and conferences. Through it all, the IIW organisation remained strong, maintaining both its membership base and the technical activity of its Working Units. In performing his duties within IIW, David distinguished himself as a person who had the ears to listen to everyone, the eyes to see, the curiosity to understand, and a mind to innovate and guide the organisation in productive ways. He developed sincere friendships within the community and strived to engage the younger generation within the welding community.

David Landon will be remembered for his passion for welding and his commitment to trust, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring and citizenship.

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT 1

I have the duty and the honour to write this message in the IIW Annual Report as Acting President of IIW.

This has been an unprecedented year for IIW.

At this time, we are all still reeling from the loss of our President Mr. David Landon. His contribution to IIW has been outstanding, even up to his last days. We will be reminded of his achievements many times in the future as the entire IIW was influenced by his enthusiasm and energy. During the last year, the IIW Board of Directors and each of its two working groups (Governance, and Finances, Audit and Risks) met almost monthly. This allowed the IIW to progress a range of actions towards achieving our 2018-2023 Strategic Plan and although some actions still need to be performed, board members and our community of volunteers are working towards completion. In response to the pandemic, the IIW met once more online, in our second IIW Online Annual Assembly and the 74th Annual Assembly in our history. The success of the event demonstrated the strength of our community and the possibilities offered by technology in enabling the association to still function in these days of restrictions. Nevertheless, it is clear in anyone’s mind that online meetings cannot substitute meetings in person. For this reason, we are all looking forward to the 2022 IIW Annual Assembly in Tokyo, when we will celebrate our 75th anniversary; finally face-to-face. I take this opportunity to thank in advance IIW Member Societies the Japan Institute of Welding and the Japan Welding Engineering Society and all the members of the Local Organising Committee for all their work in preparing for this event. My personal invitation for you all is to plan to attend so you can feel again the strength of our friendship through welding. On the pure management side, IIW made further steps forward in optimizsation of resources to improve efficiency in processes and save costs. The incomes arising from the successful 2021 IIW Annual Assembly and the selling of the IIW journal Welding in the World resulted in a good financial result in 2020 and, similarly the forecast for the current year (2021) is looking quite positive. The Board of Directors continues its commitment to the reduction of costs for the IIW membership. In 2021 we are welcoming a new IIW Member Country represented by the Ghana Welding Bureau. Despite some loss of membership in the last years, different measures are now in place making IIW membership benefits more attractive, especially to developing countries. We look forward to adding new members in the future, increasing the global relevance of our organisation. Welding has been and remains a key to global sustainable development and the IIW is the tool to help any country in this direction. In the last two years, the pandemic affected the activities of the welding industry, associations, and related business worldwide. IIW is working to support and to offer perspectives for a positive future. In the last period of the current year, good signals were received form the global market. My wish for everyone is that this will not only bring us back to standard values, but also allow us all to reach higher levels of productivity and financial wellbeing.

Respectfully,

Sorin Keller IIW Acting President

2

MESSAGE FROM THE ACTING PRESIDENT

MESSAGE FROM THE ACTING PRESIDENT

ING. SORIN KELLER IIW Acting President, Switzerland

MESS AGE FROM THE ACTING PRESIDENT 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

OUR PEOPLE IIW Board of Directors 2020/2021

6

Managing the Organisation - IIW Secretariats

7

IIW ACCOUNTS 2020 Treasurer’s Report

8

SHARING WITH PEERS Message from the Chair of the Technical Management Board

10

Spotlight on new Chairs

11

IIW Working Units

12

Working Groups - Young Professionals

16

Working Groups - Standardisation

17

LEARNING - INTERNATIONAL AUTHORISATION BOARD Message of the IAB Chair and CEO

18

Roles and Responsibilities: Who is Doing What

19

2021 Highlights from Group A

19

2021 Highlights from Group B

19

INTERNATIONAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING QUALIFICATION SYSTEM

20

2022/25 IIW AND ASSOCIATED EVENTS

20

INFLUENCING IIW Journal Welding in the World

22

Welding in the World Editors

22

Performance Data

23

74th IIW ANNUAL ASSEMBLY AND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE In Summery

24

Running the Event

25

Prestigious Awards

27

Welded Art Exhibition

27

Future IIW Events

27

RECOGNITION 2021 IIW awards

28

COLLABORATING IIW Member Societies

36

TABLE OF CONTENTS 5

OUR PEOPLE

IIW BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2020/2021

Prof. Thomas Böllinghaus (Germany)

Ing. Sorin Keller (Switzerland) Acting President

Mr Douglas Luciani (Canada) Past President

Dr Luca Costa (Italy) CEO

Mr David Landon (USA) President (2020 – 2021)

Prof. Manabu Tanaka (Japan)

Dr Roland Boecking (Germany)

Prof. Shuji Aihara (Japan) Vice President

Prof. Yevgenia Chvertko (Ukraine)

Dr Stephan Egerland (Austria)

Dr Stefano Pinca (Italy)

Mr Robert Shaw (USA)

Prof. Vencislav Grabulov (Serbia)

Prof. Pedro Almeida Matias (Portugal)

Prof. Srinivasan Ramachandran Iyer (India)

Prof. Boyoung Lee (Republic of Korea)

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OUR PEOPLE

MANAGING THE ORGANISATION IIW Secretariats

IIW has benefited from a prestigious history of secretariat services provided by Member Societies, from the early parallel roles of The Welding Institute UK as Administrative Secretariat and Institut de Soudure France as Technical Secretariat to 1995 when Institut de Soudure took on the combined role of General Secretariat. Since 2020 the General Secretariat role has been performed by Istituto Italiano della Saldatura in Genoa, Italy. Also in 2020, the service agreement for the management of the IIW International Authorisation Board (IAB) was renewed with the European Welding Federation (EWF) with the agreement updated to include services aligned with the needs of IIW and IAB members for the following five years. The IIW is grateful to the current and past secretariats for their outstanding work performed over more than 70 years of growth of the organisation, coupling continuity with the past with renewed energy in all enterprises. Personnel at the current secretariats aim to deliver world class service to the IIW community and support the organisation and its members as they face current and future challenges.

IAB MANAGEMENT TEAM

IIW SECRETARIAT

Dr Luca Costa Chief Executive Officer

Dr Rosario Russo Administrative and Communication Specialist

Eng. Rute Ferraz IAB Chief Executive

Dr Eurico Assunção IAB Deputy Chief Executive

Dr Elisabetta Sciaccaluga Technical Manager

Mr Andrew Davis Standards Officier

Eng. Pedro Catarino IAB Technical Officer

Ms Maria Flores IAB Projects and Administrative Assistant

Mrs Erdmuthe Raufelder Editorial Office Manager

Dr Francesco De Fino IT Assistant

Eng. Italo Fernandes IAB System Manager

Eng. Tobias Rosado Deputy IAB System Manager

OUR PEOPLE 7

TREASURER’S REPORT 2O2O/21

In 2020 the IIW General Secretariat was successfully transferred from France to Italy and operates with great efficiency and effectivity for two years now. The current pandemic situation has been compensated without any financial losses. As a particular item, the Annual Assembly had to be switched twice from face-to-face to fully online meetings. Resulting deficits were successfully compensated by respectively fewer travel costs and the revenue from the online registration fees. The increased income from the journal Welding in the World resulting from all-time-high download numbers and the continuously great engagement of the EiC together with the EB is highly acknowledged by the Board of Directors, the General Assembly, and the whole IIW community. However, IIW had also to compensate financial drawbacks in the last two years. All attempts to transfer any French tax refunds for the year 2019 to IIW now located in Italy failed and had to be balanced as irrecoverable. IIW is in contact with the authorities in France and still tries to rectify this. In addition, some IIW Member Societies were not able to pay their fees, resulting in an additional bad debt inventory of around 39,000 € for the year 2020. However, despite the affects of the pandemic and the extraordinary costs for transfer of the secretariat services, a positive final result after taxes of 14,414 € was achieved in 2020, which has particularly to be attributed to the marvelous efforts of the new secretariat team. In order to guard against additional financial losses and the risk losing membership, the IIW Board of Directors instigated two initiatives: - searching for other streams of revenue and - fairer membership fee calculation procedures for Member Societies having a lower GDP. After extensive discussion, a new method for the calculation of membership fees was accepted by the General Assembly in October 2021. It will start in 2022 and be applied for three years until 2024. Outcomes of the new method will be monitored by the Board of Directors Working Group Finances, Audit and Risks (WG-FAR), including continuous discussions with IIW members. The set-up of the new membership fee calculation procedure at an enhanced transparency had already a very positive effect in reduction of membership losses during 2021. Consequently, another financially positive year is forecast for 2021, with very limited bad debts, potential recovery from losses incurred in the past and providing the necessary reserves for save operation of IIW in the future. At the same time, seeking additional streams of revenues has been initiated together with improving the service level to members. Both items represent major goals for the upcoming years, as they provide basis and opportunities to invest into a prosperous future of IIW. In the responsibility as IIW treasurer to manage the IIW Risk Registry, the

risks for the whole association have been summarized in 2020 in terms of probability and consequence. The risk registry is extensively discussed and optimized in WG-FAR, in particular, to safeguard and combat the operating challenges resulting from the pandemic situation. This document together with the IIW Strategic Plan provide the directions for the IIW management to guide our association safely into a prosperous and developing future.

PROF. THOMAS BÖLLINGHAUS Treasurer

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IIW ACCOUNTS 2O2O

Δ (%)

ITEM

REALIZED 31/12/2019

2020

REALIZED

BUDGET 31/12/2020

REALISED VS BUDGET

The amounts are in Euros

INCOME Membership fees

467.730 109.109

475.506 111.181

475.506

0%

Fees from IIW events (A.A.+ Congress) ISO Standards (formerly other incomes)

66.665

-40% 11% 29%

1.542

7.500

8.332

Welding in the World

50.261

60.000

77.598

Other incomes

6.500

Interest from bank accounts

1.164

1.500

0

-100%

TOTAL

629.807

655.687

634.602

-3%

EXPENDITURE Secretariat

500.434

480.000

480.000

0%

Travelling expenses

21.053

50.000

4.936 7.785 2.156 2.825 1.026 6.680 1.547 8.450 1.230 0

-90%

Direct costs for meetings and prizes

2.733

2.000 1.000 1.500

289% 116% -100%

Office supplies and computer maintenance

263

Postage and telephone

55

Promotion, communication

11.545 14.893 23.503

37.000 10.000 42.000

-92% -90% -84% -23%

Software (hosting and maintenance)

Audit fees and legal fees

Bank charges

1.852 4.321 2.707 1.000

2.000 4.272 3.000

Straight-line method of depreciation

98%

Insurance

-59%

Registry Tax (formerly business tax)

22.000

77

-100%

Other charges

2

- -

215

- -

Extraordinary costs: transfer IIW to Italy

61.929

10.480

TOTAL

646.290

654.772

527.407

-19%

OPERATING RESULT

-16.484

915

107.195

11613%

BAD DEBTS INVENTORY

0

Bad debts recovered

0

1.381

Provision for doubful account (membership fees)

-41.380

-8.698

Provision for doubful account (other)

-35.000 -30.281 -72.598

Irrecoverable debt

-9.807

TOTAL

-51.187

NET RESULT BEFORE TAX

-67.671

34.597 -20.943 13.654

Income tax

0

RESULT AFTER TAX

-67.671

TREASURE’S REPORT 9

MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR OF THE TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT BOARD

2021 - what a challenging but also enriching year! Once again, circumstances were faced which heavily affected draft schedules and all good intentions. The IIW Technical Management Board (TMB), representing all the Technical Working Units of the association, was consistently involved in deriving and recommending whatever steps were needed to overcome the challenges. As expected from this distinct group of remarkable individuals, appropriate action was taken over the course of the whole year. Monthly online meetings enabled continuous and dynamic adjustment and ensured that technical activities were coordinated and well managed by the IIW Secretariat. Considering this significant additional workload, and the fact that all Commission Chairs are volunteers with often challenging day-jobs to fulfil, the professionalism and unselfishness shown through these months was literally overwhelming. My personal lesson learned: especially challenging times highlight what makes the IIW globally so unique - an imperturbable team spirit and commitment to furthering the scientific and technical goals of the association. I am proud and honoured to be chairing this amazing group of professionals. As part of the Operational Plan to tackle the ‘must-win-battles’ identified in the IIW Strategic Plan, reorganisation had to take place both with respect to both the Technical Working Units and, in particular, the TMB itself. I am pleased to report that all goals set were finally safely attained. With only one Study Group remaining within the Working Unit structure, it was decided to simplify this structure by moving the significant activities of SG-212 to become C-XII Sub-Commission Physics of Welding. The outstanding global position of the IIW in this technical field will continue to be maintained under the guidance of the chair, Prof. Manabu Tanaka from Japan. The TMB itself was likewise subject to profound restructuring. Separating operational and strategical tasks led to the establishment of Working Group Technical Working Units (WG-TWU) to deal with all operational technical and scientific questions and make recommendations to the TMB, and ultimately the Board of Directors. WG-TWU will be chaired by Mr Robert Shaw from the USA, the esteemed chair of C-XVIII Quality Management in Welding and Allied Processes. The formation of the WG-TWU allowed the downsizing of the TMB, while the chair of Working Group Young Leaders, Dr Kittichai Sojiphan from Thailand will now serve as a voting member of the TMB. I welcome him and other incoming members to the TMB, and sincerely thank all former members for their outstanding service and commitment to the IIW. I have greatly enjoyed working closely with them over the past years. Last but by no means least, in conjunction with the 2021 Annual Assembly, the IIW International Conference was held online for the first time. Titled Artificial Intelligence to Innovate Welding and Joining, the conference dealt with one of the strategic issues where IIW intends to take a global lead. A Conference Organising Committee (COC) was established under the oversight of the TMB to take charge of administrative issues, inviting lead speakers and arranging a highly interesting panel discussion with these experts. It is my pleasure to report that the IIW Board of

Directors have approved the proposal, from IIW Vice-President, Prof. Shuji Aihara, to retain the TMB-COC in order to collaborate with, and support, future International Conference local organising committees. A group of high-profile experts was nominated to work with the Japanese organising committee for the 2022 conference. Having attending my first IIW Annual Assembly in 2004 in Osaka, to this very day I treasure the impressions gained back then. It was one of the most touching experiences of my life and I can assure you that our Japanese colleagues are already working to make the forthcoming event equally unforgettable. Therefore I look forward to welcoming all of you – hopefully face-to-face – at the 75th IIW Annual Assembly and International Conference on Welding and Joining in 2022 in Tokyo, Japan! Respectfully, DR STEPHAN EGERLAND (Austria)

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SPOTLIGHT ON NEW CHAIRS

Through their leadership the chairs of IIW Working Units voluntarily share their knowledge, experience and resources to make excellent contributions to the vibrancy and productivity of the Working Units, the progress of IIW and the promotion of welding around the world.

Prof. SuJun Wu is currently a full-time professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, P.R. China. He received his bachelor and master degrees from Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi province, China, in 1983 and 1986, respectively. In 1997 he was awarded a PhD on his dissertation Micro-mechanisms of Fracture in Transition Welds by the University of Birmingham School of Metallurgy and Materials, Birmingham, UK. After graduation he continued as a Research Fellow at Birmingham University for a further six years before accepting a position as Professor at Beihang University. He is currently a Standing Committee member of the Chinese Materials Society (CMS), a member of the Chinese Welding Society (CWS) committee and a member of the Forum of Engineering Structural Integrity, UK council. He has served as materials expert for various associations and organisations. Prof. Wu’s research interests include: welding metallurgy; structural integrity assessment; fatigue and fracture; failure analysis; relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of metals and welds, as well as composite materials; and R&D of newmaterials and processing procedures. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed SCI-indexed scientific research papers, and organised many conferences, symposiums and workshops as organising committee chair or member. Dr Zhuyao Zhang is currently R&D Director of Lincoln Special Alloys at Lincoln Electric Europe. He has more than 26 years of experience in welding metallurgy, welding consumable design and manufacturing as well as welding engineering applications. Dr Zhang gained his Bachelor and Master degrees in P.R. China where he worked for four years as a university lecturer before moving to the UK. He received his PhD degree in 1994 in Welding Metallurgy from the University of Southampton. In 1995, he was awarded the Pfizer Medal by the Institute of Materials UK for the best-published research paper of the year. After his doctorate, he joined Metrode Products Limited as a Senior R&D Engineer in 1995 and progressed his career to R&D Director in 2004 and Technical Director of Metrode from 2012-2018, leading all the technical responsibilities for the company. From July 2018, Dr Zhang became the R&D Director of Lincoln Special Alloys. While being responsible for development of many alloy welding filler metals and applications, Dr Zhang has also published many research and technical papers on various aspects of welding metallurgy and applications in peer - reviewed journals and international conferences. He represented the UK in ISO/TC44/SC3 during 2008 – 2010. Dr Zhang has been an active contributor of IIW Commissions II and IX since 1996. He is currently the UK Delegate to Commission II and has served as the Chairman of Sub-commission II-C since 2012. Prof. Mitsuru Ohata is currently a full-time professor in the Department of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. He received his Bachelor and Master degrees from Osaka University, Japan, in 1993 and 1995, respectively, and Doctor of Engineering from Osaka University, Japan, in 1997. He worked as a visiting researcher at the University of Maribor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovenia, and GKSS Research Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Germany, during 2001-2002. He is currently an Academic Member of the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES), and also serves as Director for the Japan Welding Society. His research fields are fracture/damage mechanics for structural integrity assessment, and fracture modelling for the advanced numerical simulation- based design and assessment of welded structural components. His research activities contribute to the national standards, WES 1108, WES 1109, WES 2805, and WES 2808, and international standards, ISO 15653 and ISO 27306 related to the fracture toughness testing and fitness-for-service assessment for weld components.

PROF. SU JUN WU C-XI / Pressure Vessels, Boilers and Pipelines (Peoples Republic of China)

DR ZHUYAO ZHANG C-II / Arc welding and Filler Metals (United Kingdom)

PROF. MITSURU OHATA C-X / Structural Performances of Welded Joints - Fracture Avoidance (Japan)

SHARING WITH PEERS 11

SHARING WITH PEERS

IIW WORKING UNITS

C-I / ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, SURFACING, AND THERMAL CUTTING Mr Ing. Doug Kautz

The Working Unit held two successful meetings, one at the Annual Assembly and the other a joint intermediate meeting held with Commissions IV, XII and Study Group 212. Members on the Commission are very active in international standards development and research and development in the areas covered by the Commission.

C-II / ARC WELDING AND FILLER METALS Dr Zhuyao Zhang

Commission II is focused mainly on welds produced by arc welding and on the filler metals which are used. Its activities centre on the metallurgy of weld metals, the influence of the chemical composition and minor elements on the mechanical, corrosion and damage weld behavior and on the reliability of welds in practical service. The Commission’s work is determined by various issues of filler metal optimisation and development in respect to metallurgy, new material grades, new arc welding processes and practical applications. Microstructural interpretation of weld metals, establishing of adequate test procedures for welds and standardisation activities in the area of filler metal specifications for arc welding are thereby the main tasks. Although there is a thematic overlap with other IIW Commissions in some general technical topics of interests, the differentiation from other commissions, especially Commission IX, is the technical approach to these topics. While Commission II focuses on the weld metal by a technology-driven approach, other Commissions are focusing on base metals which are subjected to welding from a more scientific point of view.

C-III / RESISTANCE WELDING, SOLID STATE WELDING AND ALLIED JOINING PROCESS Prof. Dr Ing. Jorge dos Santos

In the Commission III meeting at the 2021 IIW Annual Assembly, 21 documents where presented, originating from 10 different countries. Ten documents have been recommended for publication in Welding in the World . One resoltution was passed to establish a standardisation group (WG- B6) on Friction Stir Welding of Ferrous Materials. An Intermediate Meeting will be held in Paris 6 - 8 Februay 2022 and will have a ‘hybrid’ format (face-to-face and online). The Kick-off Meeting of the new standardisation group will be held at the same venue on 9 Februar 2022.

C-IV / POWER BEAM PROCESSES Dr Herbert Staufer

Commission IV operates like a ‘think tank’ for scientists, engineering and technical personnel who are involved in the research, development and application of power beam processing technologies including laser, laser-hybrid and electron beam welding processes.

C-V / NDT AND QUALITY ASSURANCE OF WELDED PRODUCTS Prof. Dr Marc Kreutzbruck

All five Sub-Commissions were active in the improvement and development of new nondestructive testing methods and their transfer into real test scenarios of welded components. In C-V-C we have almost finalised new TFM/FMC ISO Standards 23864 and 23865 detailing how to use new ultrasonic

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SHARING WITH PEERS

imaging methods, and passed a resolution on the new FDIS stage. The newly-founded Working Group on a Handbook on testing anisotropic materials, under the leadership of Channa Nageswaran, was able to gain the cooperation of a number of new international experts. The Working Group for the development of a new revision of the ISO standard of the MMM method, headed by Uwe Zscherpel, was closed after successful submission.The new Working Group Eddy Current Arrays, led by Casper Wassink, is also enjoying great interest. Numerous experts from all over the world have expressed their cooperation here and have already drawn up a working agenda for 2022.

C-VI / TERMINOLOGY Mr Jérôme Dietsch

Commission VI continues its close collaboration with ISO Technical Commitees on welding and allied process and on plastics joining for the development of international standards covering the terminology for these fields. During the 2021 Annual Assembly, the draft on laser welding terminology was finalised and a resolution was taken to forward it to ISO. Progress was also made on the health and safety terminology and the standard should be published by the end of the year. Work on plastics joining and thermal cutting terminology is ongoing.

C-VII / MICROJOINING AND NANOJOINING Prof. Guisheng Zou

At the Annual Assembly C-VII had 20 presentations experts from more than 12 countries in two half-day sessions (one as a joint meeting with C-XVII). The topics included many aspects of micro- and nano-joining, including materials, processes and methods. The multi-discipline nature of C- VII attracted many much interest from other different Commissions. The possibility of an online intermediate meeting during the 5th International Conference on Nano and Micro Joining (NMJ) to be held in Germany in December 2022 was also discussed.

C-VIII / HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT Eur. Ing. Geoff Melton

Welding fume continues to dominate the activities of this Commission. Occupational exposure limits for the constituents of welding fume are being reduced so the welding industry needs to understand the mechanisms and improved ways of controlling exposure. In 2018 IARC publish Monograph 118, classifying fume and UV radiation from welding as Group 1 carcinogens. In response, C-VIII has published a statement on ‘Lung Cancer and Welding’.

C-IX / BEHAVIOUR OF METALS SUBJECTED TO WELDING Dr Hee Jin Kim

As usual, many topics were covered relating to the behaviour of metallic materials subjected to welding in a variety of metals: ferritic, Cr-Mo and stainless steels, Ni-base and non-ferrous alloys. Duplex stainless steels remain a popular research subject. With the increased interest in additive manufacturing (AM), the topic of metallurgy of AM materials is becoming a new scope of this Commission.

C-X / STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCES OF WELDED JOINTS - FRACTURE AVOIDANCE Prof. Mitsuru Ohata

The C-X meeting in 2021 included 10 technical documents submitted from four countries in the field of fracture mechanics testing, modelling and analysis of fracture, and residual stress evaluation. Fruitful discussion was held on the topic of the recent development of fracture toughness test procedure for welds. Prof. Minami completed his term as chair of the Commission and Prof. Ohata was elected as the new chair. The WG-A which was active for 7 years from 2014 to 2021 was disbanded. The WG-results will be published soon in Welding in the World .

SHARING WITH PEERS

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IIW WORKING UNITS

C-XI / PRESSURE VESSELS, BOILERS AND PIPELINES Prof. SuJun WU

Commission XI is concerned with the welding and welds in pressure vessels, boilers and pipelines. During the 74th IIW Annual Assembly in 2021, a total of eight papers from five different countries were submitted and presented at the two-day C-XI sessions, and five of the papers were then recommended for publication in the journal Welding in the World. The Panel Discussion session in the second day was very fruitful and really helpful for C-XI’s future activities and development. C-XI has also co-organised the International Symposium on Structural Integrity (ISSI 2021) held in Hangzhou, P.R. China in October 2021. An intermediate meeting is being planned.

C-XII / ARC WELDING PROCESSES AND PRODUCTION SYSTEMS Prof. Satoru Asai

The annual meeting of Commission XII took place from July 15 to 17 2021 online with 16 presentations and attendees numbering 112, that was 90 and 91 respectively. C-XII covers the application of arc welding processes to various fabrication fields and production systems with high quality and efficiency. Also, digital manufacturing and additive manufacturing are a focus of discussions. The sessions were full of wonderful presentations and hot discussions. In this meeting, the new Sub-Commission F “Physics of Welding” was created in Commission XII.

C-XIII / FATIGUE OF WELDED COMPONENTS AND STRUCTURES Prof. Kenneth MacDonald

The level of activity of C-XIII improved in the face of the ensuing pandemic intermediate and Spring and annual meetings of the working groups were held. Activity at the online Annual Assembly was significantly increased over 2020 levels. Sixteen papers were recommended for publication in Welding in the World and work continues to complete the final editorial review and publication of the document on Retrofitting Engineering for Fatigue Damaged Steel Structures. ISO/TS 20273:2017 (Guidelines on weld quality in relationship to fatigue strength) has been adopted by a sufficient number of countries for it to pass ISO's systematic review.

C-XIV / EDUCATION AND TRAINING Mr Carl Peters

Commission XIV continued making progress in sharing best practices related to qualification programmes, the effective use of advanced training systems, gender diversity in welding, the involvement of Young Professionals in IIW and advancements in welding training.

C-XV / DESIGN, ANALYSIS, AND FABRICATION OF WELDED STRUCTURES Dr Eng. Stefano Botta

In the C-XV meeting held during the online Annual Assembly, seven technical documents were presented, and all of them were proposed for peer rewiew and publication in Welding in the World . Furthermore after the report of the judging panel, the Chinese builders of the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge was proposed to the TMB for the awarding of the UGO GUERRERA PRIZE 2022. As for the administrative matters, Prof. Ben Young and Prof. Tak-Ming Chan both from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University have been elected as new Co-Chairs of Sub-Commission XV-E Tubular Structures in place of the retiring Co-Chairs (Prof. J. Packer and Prof. J. Wardenier). Finally, the current Chair of the Commission XV Stefano Botta was confirmed as Chair for the next three years.

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C-XVI / POLYMER JOINING AND ADHESIVE TECHNOLOGY Prof. David Grewell

The annual meeting of commission XVI took place at the IIW Annual Assembly from July 12 to 14, 2021 online. The meeting was attended by 16 members, so that C-XVI still remains one of the smaller groups of IIW. The delegates were from USA (David Grewell), Sweden (Nesrin Ari), Mexico (Francisco Calderion), Austria (Sergio Amancio), Finland (Sean Connor), Singapore (Wei Zhou), Germany (Klaus Schucker) the experts/ observers were from Germany, South Korea, Indonesia, Austria, and Canada.

C-XVII / BRAZING, SOLDERING AND DIFFUSION BONDING Dr Huaping Xiong

During the 74th Annual Assembly of IIW, 4 technical sessions were held by Commission XVII on 13, 15, 16 and 17 July, respectively. In total 32 technical presentations were made. The average number of attendees each day was 39. Among the 32 presentations ceramic joining, brazing of dissimilar materials, low temperature bonding, development of composite filler metals as well as electron beam brazing were the hot issues at the meeting. In recent years we have encouraged people with an industrial background to join our Commission, and this year we had 11 technical presentations coming from an industrial background or from cooperative projects with industrial enterprises. Furthermore, we had a successful joint meeting between C-VII and C- XVII on 16 July.

C-XVIII / QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN WELDING AND ALLIED PROCESSES Mr Robert Shaw

The Commission’s 2021 activities included the updating of guidelines on the implementation of quality standards, for example ISO 3834 ‘Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials’, and the drafting of a new standard ISO 4061 ‘Soldering - Quality requirements for soldering of metallic materials’ jointly with C-XVII. We also worked on the drafting a new Commission document ‘Brazing coordination: Tasks and responsibilities’ jointly with C-XVII. Drafting recommendations for competences for auditors involved with the certification of welding companies was an area of work, as well as preparing comparative studies of criteria for welding company audits.

SG-212 / THE PHYSICS OF WELDING Prof. Manabu Tanaka

The SG-212 online meeting was held on Wednesday 14 July with a total of six papers and more than 50 attendees. The online meeting was well support by the IT Director and thus we had fruitful discussions among presenters and attendees. One document from the meeting was recommended for publication in Welding in the World. The members of SG-212 unanimously agreed a resolution on the disbandment of SG-212 and creation of C-XII Sub-Commission Physics of Welding under the new structure strategy of the IIW Working Units.

SHARING WITH PEERS 15

WORKING GROUP YOUNG PROFESSIONALS

The IIW has identified the critical necessity for more young professionals (YPs) to pursue careers at all levels in welding and its allied technologies. The IIW also needs to attract the participation of the younger generation of welding professionals. Last year the IIW Board of Directors transitioned the Task Group - Young Leaders into a Working Group - Young Professionals (WG-YP).

The Working Group aims to attract more young people to IIW activities and support the development and training of YPs for future IIW leadership positions. Competent and dynamic YPs must be recruited to the Technical Commissions in order to ensure the

IIW’s future and to guarantee the continued excellence and innovativeness of the IIW’s technical and scientific knowledge base. Additionally, in 2021 an IIW Future Leaders Programme was initiated by the IIW Board of Directors. It includes funding to allow two YPs to join the IIW Board of Directors' meetings as guests, let them be involved in

the association’s management and gain new skills. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, face-to-face YP activities were not conducted in 2021, and events were transferred to hybrid and virtual formats. During the IIW Annual Assembly, the YP Ice Breaker was conducted online with great success and the YP International Conference planned for Kiev, Ukraine at the end of October 2021 was changed to online only. This proved very effective despite the various time zones involved, with technical presentations by YP from many countries as well as an expert keynote address on aeronautics including Electron Beam Welding of titanium rocket nozzles. IIW is also aiming to get IIW student chapters established by member societies around the world, with success already in USA, Germany, Canada, Hungary and Thailand. Having a mentor is crucial in a young person’s career. With the updated IIW Mentorship Programme, IIW addresses YPs as individuals and supports the ‘finding’ process between mentor and mentee through questionnaires and other means. The WG-YP is now preparing for the two events at the upcoming IIW 2022 Annual Assembly in Tokyo, Japan; the Ice Breaker on the Sunday afternoon prior to the Opening Ceremony and the Tuesday evening ‘get together’ for YPs. Many of the Commission chairs and Board members will be in attendance to interact with the YP. When asked what they thought about the IIW, YPs appreciated that, with its harmonious combination of representatives from research, acadaemia and industry, IIW is in a unique position to influence and attract cooperation on a global and multi-tiered scale. Those who regularly participate in IIW activities truly believe in the IIW, what it represents and what it offers, and they all come back again and again to share in the IIW’s knowledge exchange network.

MR ERNEST LEVERT (USA)

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WORKING GROUP STANDARDISATION

The IIW is an international standardising body approved by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to develop standards in the field of welding and related processes. In this way, the body of knowledge evolved through IIW can be formalised and made available to industry to promote quality and harmony on a global basis. WG-STAND worked on the publication of major standards related to welding processes (friction stir welding on aluminium), nondestructive testing (NDT) (metal magnetic memory method), and quality management of Brazing processes and welding consumables. The unit worked also on the upcoming publication of standards related to NDT Ultrasonic testing - full matrix capture/total focusing technique (FMC/ TFM) and on the revision of standards on fatigue (weld quality in relationship to fatigue strength and design of hollow sections) and welding consumables.

PROF. MATHIAS LUNDIN

SHARING WITH PEERS 17

LEARNING INTERNATIONAL AUTHORISATION BOARD

MESSAGE OF THE IAB CHAIR AND CEO

In a fast-moving and evolving industry, the llW International Authorisation Board (IAB) continued to make progress towards an effective system to support the welding industry in education and training of its workforce. The goal is to deliver the necessary knowledge and skills for personnel and companies. The IAB accomplishes this goal by identifying, developing, and implementing the System - llW Education, Training, Qualification and Certification System - worldwide. In 2021 the IAB network met to continue the technical work being developed in IAB Groups A and B, Education, Training and Qualification, and Implementation, Authorisation and Certification, respectively. Strategic actions related to the promotion and marketing of the System were also discussed in the Members Meeting and at IAB Board level. These meetings were held online during the llW winter meetings and in July during the llW Online Annual Assembly. In 2021, despite all restrictions imposed on international activity, IAB maintained all planned actions including surveillance audits for the IAB organisations network, ensuring compliance of these organisations with the llW Education, Training, Qualification and Certification System rules. In 2020, 6,223 Diplomas, 542 Personnel Certificates (new and renewals) and 496 Company Certificates (new and renewals) were issued. Cumulative, until the end of 2020, 169,000 Diplomas, 2,206 new Personnel Certificates (only new) and 2,740 Company Certificates (only new) have been issued. For the near future, the challenge is focused on leveraging the implementation of the llW Education, Training, Qualification and Certification System worldwide through its promotion in the welding industry on a global basis. The promotion actions will need to reinforce IAB contributions to a competitive industry by offering a harmonised, up-to-date education, training, qualification and certification system for personnel and companies which meets industry needs. Several guidelines and rules documents were reviewed and updated.

PROF. BOYOUNG LEE IIW-IAB Chair (Republic of Korea)

MRS RUTE FERRAZ IIW-IAB CEO (Portugal)

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LEARNING - INTERNATIONAL AUTHORISATION BOARD

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: WHO IS DOING WHAT

Group A ‘Education, Training and Qualification’ is responsible to: • Develop and revise the Qualification Guidelines, Alternative Route rules and requirements and deal with Blended Learning Programmes; • Develop and manage the harmonised examinations. Technical approval of the IAB Guidelines is the responsibility of Group A. Group B ‘Implementation, Authorisation and Certification’ is responsible to: • Develop, maintain and revise the Rules and Operational Procedures for implementing the Qualification Guidelines and the Certification Systems; • Grant and confirm authorisations of Authorised Nominated Bodies (ANBs) and Authorised Nominated Bodies for Company Certification (ANBCCs); • Approve Access Conditions, Transition Arrangements and Blended Learning Programmes; • Appoint Assessors. Technical approval of the IAB Rules and Operating procedures is the responsibility of Group B.

IAB Peer, Blended and Lead Assessors are Experts of the IIW-IAB qualification and certification systems and are responsible for assessing ANBs and ANBCCs against the IIW-IAB Rules.

2021 HIGHLIGHTS FROM GROUP A Scope: Education, Training and Qualification During 2021 the key activities of the IAB Group A were:

• Development and approval of the first sets of harmonised written examinations for International Welding Inspector at Basic, Standard and Comprehensive levels; • Development of Practical examinations for International Welding Inspector; • Review and development of questions used on the harmonised examinations for the levels International Welding Engineer (IWE)/Technologist (IWT) and International Welding Specialist (IWS)/Practitioner (IWP). Documents Revised and Developed under IIW-IAB Group A Guidelines: • IAB-348r2-21 - Guideline for International Mechanised, Orbital and Robot Welding Personnel • Harmonised examinations, new and revised questions.

MR HORIA DASCAU IIW-IAB Group A Chair (Romania)

2021 HIGHLIGHTS FROM GROUP B Scope: Implementation, Authorisation and Certification During 2021 the key activities of the IAB Group B were:

• Development of the Certification System for Welding Inspectors; • Analysis for the implementation of digital diplomas/certificates; • Analysis for the implementation of a centralised database of personnel diplomas/ certificates. Documents Revised and Developed under IIW-IAB Group B • IAB-339r6-21 – Rules for the ANBCCs Operating the IIW Manufacturer Certification System; Updating of specific rules due to the pandemic allowing the use of remote auditing of ANBs, ANBCCs, ATBs and companies under llW Manufacturers Certification System. DR STEFANO MORRA IIW-IAB Group B Chair (Italy)

LEARNING - INTERNATIONAL AUTHORISATION BOARD 19

INTERNATIONAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING QUALIFICATION SYSTEM

IIW AND THE EUROPEAN WELDING FEDERATION (EWF) COOPERATE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION, PROMOTION, AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING QUALIFICATION SYSTEM (IAMQS) The Additive Manufacturing (AM) market continues to rise, with more new companies using AM, more investment made, and a higher number of products designed for AM being released to the market, a trend that is predicted to evolve in coming years. This rise is clear when it comes to the use of metal AM technology, but it is also becoming clearer for polymer technologies. However, due to a fragmented training and education offering, which does not cover all levels of education, there is a lack of much needed skilled professionals and at the same time no international recognition of those professionals. The International Additive Manufacturing Qualification System (IAMQS) was created by industry and for industry to ensure that companies and professionals are equipped with the right set of skills to implement AM at the industrial level. Due to the engagement with various AM stakeholders operating in the global market, in close connection

with standards requirements and with the support of EU funds, IAMQS has been able to build qualifications that are an added value to the sector and to the individuals involved in the system: Authorised Nominated Bodies (ANBs), Authorised Training Bodies (ATBs), students and industry. It started by focusing on metal AM and is broadening its scope for the development of training guidelines for polymers, ensuring a full alignment with industry requirements and technological breakthroughs, IAMQS currently offers 12 qualifications in AM that have already been implemented in seven countries and the number is rapidly growing. IIW has recently joined EWF in the development of the system with the objective of creating a global network of qualification and

training institutions across the world. For more information please visit: https://www.ewf.be/qualification/iamqs.aspx

INTERNATIONAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING QUALIFICATION SYSTEM (IAMQS) 20

2O22/25 IIW AND ASSOCIATED EVENTS

FUTURE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESSES 8-9 June 2022 / Online Edition 3rd IIW ICWAM - THIRD IIW INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON WELDING, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND ASSOCIATED NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHODS

13 -16 December 2023 / Bangalore, India IIW INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS - 2023

FUTURE ANNUAL ASSEMBLIES 17-22 July 2022 TOKYO, JAPAN 16-21 July 2023 SINGAPORE 06-12 July 2024 RODI, GREECE 22-27 June 2025 GENOA, ITALY

UPCOMING IIW-ASSOCIATED EVENTS 8-9 September 2022 / Miskolc, Hungary 4th VEHICLE AND AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING CONFERENCE 2022 26-28 October 2022 / Kyiv, Ukraine 6th YPIC & 10th WRTYS 12-15 October 2022 / Beijing, China 18th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TUBULAR STRUCTURES

27-28 April 2022 / Germany BEAMTECH 11-12 May 2022 / Warsaw, Poland JOINTRANS

11-15 September 2023 / Essen, Germany INTERNATIONAL WELDERS COMPETITION

2O22/25 IIW AND ASSOCIATED EVENTS 21

IIW JOURNAL WELDING IN THE WORLD

WELDING IN THE WORLD EDITORS Technical Editors

TECHNOLOGY AREAS Metallurgy and Materials

Prof. John C. Lippold Prof. Dr Ing. Thomas Böllinghaus (USA) (Germany)

23%

Solid-State Processes 17% Design and Fitness-for-Service 13% Brazing and Soldering 12% Arc Welding Processes 12% Additive Manufacting 6% High Energy Density Processes 5% Polymer Joining 4% Other 8%

Prof. Américo Scotti

Dr Ing. Majid Farajian

(Sweden/Brazil)

(Germany)

Managing Editor Erdmuthe Raufelder (Germany) Welding in the World Editorial Board, December 2021 Shaju Albert (India) Peter Mayr (Germany) Zuheir Barsoum (Sweden) Geoff Melton (United Kingdom) Jean-Pierre Bergmann (Germany) Fumiyoshi Minami Japan) Arun Bhaduri (India) Tony Murphy (Australia) Carl Cross (USA) John Norrish (Australia) Amitava De (India) Matthias Pelkner (Germany) Bruno deMeester (Belgium) Gerhard Posch (Austria) Pingsha Dong (USA) Michael Rethmeier (Germany) Thomas Dupuy (France) Klemens Rother (Germany) Stephan Egerland (Austria) Volkner Schoeppner (Germany) Norbert Enzinger (Austria) Aude Simar (Belgium) Carolin Fink (USA) Jeff Sowards (USA) David Grewell (USA) Herbert Staufer (Austria) Yoshinori Hirata (Japan) Manabu Tanaka (Japan) Akio Hirose (Japan) Asun Valiente (Sweden) Pat Hochanadel (USA) Vincent Van der Meer (Netherlands) Erika Hodúlová (Slovakia) Pedro Vilaça (Finland) Thomas Kannengiesser (Germany) Elin Westin (Austria) Doug Kautz (USA) ChuanSong Wu (P.R.China) Hee Jin Kim (Korea) Huaping Xiong (P.R.China) Menachem Kimchi (USA) Zhuyao Zhang (United Kingdom) Kenneth MacDonald (Norway) Guisheng Zou (P.R.China)

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WELDING IN THE WORLD