20 Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer

18

THE GEC ESTRO HANDBOOK OF BRACHYTHERAPY | Part II: Clinical Practice Version 1 - 01/12/2014

14. KEY MESSAGES

• LDR brachytherapy is indicated for low and intermediate risk prostate cancer.

• LDR brachytherapy achieves high rates of biochemical control with a favourable side effect profile.

• HDR brachytherapy is mostly used as a boost after external beam radiotherapy.

• HDR brachytherapy alone is under investigation and early results show high biochemical control rates and low toxicity.

• Second malignancies are not increased after brachytherapy.

15. REFERENCES

14. Deutsch I, Zelefsky MJ, Zhang Z et al . Comparison of PSA relapse-free sur- vival in patients treated with ultra-high-dose IMRT versus combination HDR brachytherapy and IMRTBrachytherapy, 2010; 9: 313-318 15. Galalae R, Kovacs G, Schultze J, et al . Long term outcome after elective irradi- ation on the pelvic lymphatic’s and local dose escalation using high-dose-rate brachytherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002; 52: 81-90. 16. Zamboglou, N., Tselis, N., Baltas, D., Chatzikonstantinou, G., Kolotas ,C., Milickovic, N., Chung, T.L., High-Dose-Rate Interstitial Brachytherapy as Monotherapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: Treatment Evolution and Mature Results. Int. J. Rad. Oncol. Biol. Phys., 85, No. 3, 672-678, 2013. 17. Hoskin PJ, Colombo A, Henry A, Niehoff P, Paulsen Hellebust T, Siebert FA, Kovacs G. GEC/ESTRO recommendations on high dose rate afterloading brachytherapy for localised prostate cancer: An update Radiotherapy and On- cology, Volume 107, Issue 3, June 2013, Pages 325-332 18. Henderson A, Langley SE, Laing RW Is bicalutamide equivalent to goserelin for prostate volume reduction before radiation therapy? A prospective, obser- vational study. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2003 Sep;15(6):318-21 19. Schmidt-Hansen M, Hoskin P, Kirkbride P, Hasler E, Bromhan N. Hormone and radiotherapy versus hormone or radiotherapy alone for non-metastat- ic prostate cancer; a systematic review with meta-analyses. Clin Oncol 2014 e21-e46 20. Anderson C, Lowe G, Ostler P, Inchley D, Hardiman C, Wills R, Bryant L, Chapman C, Marchant N, Hoskin PJ. I-125 seed planning: an alternative meth- od of urethra definition Radiother Oncol. 2010 Jan;94(1):24-9. 21. Kirisits C, Rivard M. Baltas D et al . Review of clinical brachytherapy uncer- tainties; analysis guidelines of the GEC ESTRO and AAPM. Radiotherapy and Oncology 2014; 110: 199-212 22. Grimm PD1, Blasko JC, Sylvester JE, et al . Technical improvement in perma- nent seed implantation: a two-stage brachytherapy system. Description and comparison with current technique. Brachytherapy. 2004;3(1):34-40 23. Polo A, Salembier C, Venselaar J, Hoskin P et al Review of intraoperative im- aging and planning techniques in permanent seed prostate brachytherapy Ra- diotherapy and Oncology 2010;94: 12-23 24. Al-Qaisieh B, Carey B, Ash D, Bottomley D.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Jun 1;59(2):397-9The use of linked seeds eliminates lung embolization follow- ing permanent seed implantation for prostate cancer. 25. Hinnen KA, Moerland MA, Battermann JJ et al . Loose seeds versus stranded seeds in I-125 prostate brachytherapy: differences in clinical outcome. Radio- ther Oncol. 2010 Jul;96(1):30-3 26. Kovacs G, Pötter R, Loch T, Hammer J, Kolman-Deurloo IK, deal Rosette J, Bat- terment H. GEC/ESTRO-EAU recommendations on temporary Brachytherapy using stepping sources for localised prostate cancer. Radiotherapy Oncol 2005; 74: 137-148. 1 27. Simnor T, Li S, Lowe G, Ostler P, Bryant L, Chapman C, Inchley D, Hoskin PJ. Justification for inter-fraction correction of catheter movement in fractionated high dose-rate brachytherapy treatment of prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2009 Nov;93(2):253-8.

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