fbinaa_May-June-2019.FINAL

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IN SIDE

F B I N A A . O R G | M A Y / J U N E 2 0 1 9

F E A T U R E S 8 A Partnership for Safer Schools – Sean Burke

10 How to Use Technology to Manage Officer Safety 12 Cyber War & The Power Grid Apocalypse…

Are We Ready? – Albert Scherr 16 Afterschool and Law Enforcement: Partners in Community Success 18 10 Must Haves for Digital Evidence Management – Linda Haelsen C O L U M N S 4 Association Perspective 7 National Office Update 22 Academy News 24 A Message from Our Chaplain 25 Staying On The Yellow Brick Road 26 Historian’s Spotlight 30 Chapter Chat 34 FBINAA Charitable Foundation

E A C H I S S U E 6 Strategic / Academic Alliances

A D I N D E X – AMU

21 CRI-TAC 31 EcoATM – JFCU

PHOTO CREDIT: BBBSTAMPABAY.ORG

EXECUTIVE BOARD Association President, Section I / JOHNNIE ADAMS Chief, Santa Monica College (CA), jadams@fbinaa.org Past President / SCOTT DUMAS Chief, Rowley Police Department (MA), sdumas@fbinaa.org

Representative, Section III / GRADY SANFORD Chief Deputy, Forsyth County Sheriff's Office (GA), gsanford@fbinaa.org Representative, Section IV / BILL CARBONE Lieutenant, New York City Police Department (NY), bcarbone@fbinaa.org

Chaplain / JEFF KRUITHOFF Chief, City of Springboro (OH), jkruithoff@fbinaa.org

1st Vice President, Section II / KEVIN WINGERSON Assistant Chief of Police, Pasadena Police Dept. (TX), kwingerson@fbinaa.org

Historian / PATRICK DAVIS Chester County Department of Emergency Services (PA), pdavis@fbinaa.org

2nd Vice President, Section III / JOE HELLEBRAND Chief, Brevard County Sheriff’s Office (FL), jhellebrand@fbinaa.org

FBI Unit Chief / CORY MCGOOKIN Unit Chief, National Academy Unit (VA)

3rd Vice President, Section IV / KEN TRUVER Chief, Borough of Castle Shannon (PA), ktruver@fbinaa.org

Executive Director / HOWARD COOK FBINAA, Inc. National Office (VA), hcook@fbinaa.org

Representative, Section I / TIM BRANIFF Undersheriff, Thurston County Sheriff’s Office (WA), tbraniff@fbinaa.org Representative, Section II / SCOTT RHOAD Chief/Director of Public Safety, University of Central Missouri (MO), srhoad@fbinaa.org

2020 NEWORLEANS, LA JULY 18-JULY 21 HOSTED BY THE LA CHAPTER FBINAA2020.COM

2021 ORLANDO, FL JULY 7-10 HOSTED BY THE FL CHAPTER FBINAA2021.COM

FBINAA ANNUAL TRAINING CONFERENCES | SAVE THE DATE

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May/June 2019 | Volume 21/Number 3 The National Academy Associate is a publication of the FBI National Academy Associates, Inc.

F B I N A A . O R G | M A Y / J U N E 2 0 1 9

JOB POSTINGS NOW AVAILABLE

Howard Cook / Executive Director, Managing Editor Suzy Kelly / Editor

The National Academy Associate is published bi-monthly by the FBI National Academy Associates, Inc., National Office, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135.

Get your job posting in front of the strongest law enforcement leadership network in the world. FBI National Academy Associate members are active in our network, engaged in their careers, and open to new opportunities. Our network gives you the opportunity to reach senior law enforcement executives with an abundance of talent and experience. Our NEW Job Posting Board allows you to match your organization's position to the most qualified profession- als in the industry. REACH QUALIFIED LAW ENFORCEMENT EXECUTIVES TO JOIN YOUR TEAM

The FBI National Academy Associates, Inc. is a private, non-profit organization and is not part of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or acting on the FBI’s behalf. Email editorial submissions to Suzy Kelly: skelly@fbinaa.org. Submissions may vary in length from 500-2000 words, and shall not be submitted simultaneously to other publications. Email Chapter Chat submissions to Susan Naragon: snaragon@fbinaa.org by the 1st of every even month. The FBI National Academy Associates, Inc., the Executive Board and the editors of the National Academy Associate neither endorse nor guarantee completeness or accuracy of material used that is obtained from sources considered reliable, nor accept liability resulting from the adoption or use of any methods, procedures, recommendations, or statements recommended or implied.

Photographs are obtained from stock for enhancement of editorial content, but do not necessarily represent the editorial content within.

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On the Cover: Cyber War & The Power Grid Apocalypse…Are we Ready?

To learn more about the FBINAA Job Posting Board, visit www.fbinaa.org .

ASSOCIATION PERSPECTIVE

Johnnie Adams

Dear Fellow Graduates,

T his will be my final update prior to the National Conference in Phoenix, Arizona from July 20-23, 2019. Located at the beautiful JW Marriot Phoenix Desert Ridge Resort and Spa, you will experience the finest training opportunities while rekindling friendships with fellow graduates and their families. Our focus is on up to date 21st Century contemporary law enforcement trends and issues. This conference is unique in that we have more training opportunities than any other conference to date, with five keynote presentations, 20 breakout sessions and over 100 vendors and exhibitors. I want to thank the Arizona Chapter for all of their hard work preparing for this conference and I know that those at- tending will appreciate the hospitality that you offer. Throughout this year, the Executive Office and Board have worked diligently to provide the best return on investment from your membership. We are committed to enhancing your ability to have access to excellent training and the ability to use our power- ful network to accomplish your goals. I will share with you a story about the importance of the “Net- work.” In 2011, Roger A. Miller , an international fugitive wanted in Southern Florida in connection with a $5 million dollar fraud, was taken into custody in Phuket Thailand. Larry Horak , session 239 was a lieutenant at the time for the Margate, Florida Police Department and the primary investigator trying to locate Miller. Horak knew that Miller was in Thailand but had trouble locating him. Lieutenant Horak said, Quote - “I thought I had a member of my NA class from the Royal Thai Police, so I sent him an e-mail with a description of Miller, and within 24 hours, I got a response saying ‘We’ve located him—let us know what you’d like us to do.’" This shows the power and strength of the network. There have been countless stories like this throughout the world by our graduates and I encourage you to share them with the National Office. I take pride in knowing that I can go to our directory and call any one of our members for assistance and they will go out of their way to help a fellow member of the Associa- tion. The Yellow Brick is the symbol that binds us all together; alone it is just a brick but together it builds a beautiful structure that is both strong and versatile. Speaking of bricks, have you signed up for the Virtual Yellow Brick run? You can register by going to our main website and will support the FBINAA Charitable Foundation. Once registered you can complete the run up until July 8, 2019. I have signed up for the run and though I am not a runner, you can run, walk, jog, (crawl) whatever it takes to finish the race. Make it an event that you customize for yourself. It is a great way to raise money for the Foundation while promoting fitness.

back at all of our conversations, whether in the classroom or the Boardroom, they were all meaningful and enjoyable. To my home chapter of California, I would not be here without your support, friendship and guidance. A special thanks to my initial mentors of Wayne Ikeuchi , session 182 and Jim Peterson , session 189 as well as all the board members that I have worked with along the way. To the National Executive boards both past and present. You are all exceptional leaders who have spent countless hours working to improve our Association and profession. What can I say about our National Office? “Wow,” is one word that sums it all up. You truly are the heart and soul of everything relating to the National Academy. Your dedication is the glue that holds our “yellow bricks” together. I know that I will be a lifelong member continually building upon the NA experience and am thankful to be a graduate.

Take care and be safe,

Johnnie Adams, President FBINAA Chief, Santa Monica College Police Department FBINA #222

In closing, I want to thank everyone along the way in this journey. To my fellow classmates, Session 222 is the best! I look

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JOIN OTHER LAW ENFORCEMENT EXECUTIVES AT THE ONLY CONFERENCE FOCUSED ON CYBER THREAT INTELLIGENCE

FBINAA LEADERSHIP FORUM SERIES

CYBER THREAT INTELLIGENCE LEADERSHIP FORUM SEPT/16-17 ORLANDO/FL

The Cyber Threat Intelligence Leadership Forum will provide specific tools and practical resources to chiefs, investigators, digital forensic examiners, technical support staff, and other practitioners. The Cyber Threat Intelligence Leadership Forum will enhance the awareness, expands the education, and builds the capacity of justice and public safety professionals towards the global goal of combating high-tech crimes.

Rosen Plaza Hotel 9700 International Drive, Orlando, FL 32819 Register as a Member/$495.00 Register as a Non-Member/$595.00 Early Bird Registration Ends August 15, 2019

All those that register by August 15, 2019 will receive the book Hacking the Cyber Threat - A Cybersecurity Primer for Law-Enforcement Leaders and Executives by Pete Cordero.

To LEARN MORE and REGISTER , visit www.fbinaa.org.

CORPORATE ALLIANCES

ACADEMIC ALLIANCES

DIAMOND LEVEL

Liberty University 800.424.9595 | liberty.edu/FBINAA PLATINUM ACADEMIC ALLIANCES

5.11 TACTICAL SERIES 209.527.4511 | 511tactical.com JUSTICE FEDERAL CREDIT UNION 800.550.JFCU | jfcu.org VERIZON WIRELESS 800.295.1614 | verizonwireless.com

Saint Leo University 813.310.4365 | saintleo.edu

University of San Diego 619.260.4573 | sandiego.edu/fbina

AMBASSADOR LEVEL

GOLD ACADEMIC ALLIANCES

American Military University 703.396.6437 | PublicSafetyatAMU.com

ecoATM 858.324.4111 | ecoatm.com AXON 800.978.2737 | axon.com

Bethel University 855.202.6385 | BethelSuccess.net

PREMIER LEVEL

Columbia College 803.786.3582 | columbiacollegesc.edu

FORUM-DIRECT ® YOU’RE COVERED

University of Oklahoma 800.522.4389 | pacs.ou.edu

University of New Hampshire 603.513.5144 | law.unh.edu

Waldorf University 877.267.2157 | waldorf.edu

SILVER ACADEMIC ALLIANCES

Anderson University 864.231.2000 | andersonuniversity.edu

California University of Pennsylvania 724.938.4000 | calu.edu/golegalstudies

AFFILIATE LEVEL

Columbia Southern University 800.977.8449 | columbiasouthern.edu

Faulkner University 800.879.9816 | faulkner.edu

Northcentral University 844.628.8943 | ncu.edu/fbinaa

GUARDIAN ALLIANCE TECHNOLOGIES 800.573.5950 guardianalliancetechnologies.com LEADSONLINE 800.311.2656 | leadsonline.com CENTRAL SQUARE 800.727.8088 | centralsquare.com CODY SYSTEMS 610.326.7476 | codysystems.com VIRTUAL ACADEMY 844.381.2134 | v-academy.com

Trident University 714.816.0366 x2019 | Trident.edu/FBINAA

Upper Iowa University (888) 877-3742 | uiu.edu/fbinaa

AFFINITY ALLIANCES

Wilmington University 302.356.6766 | wilmu.edu

NATIONWIDE 877.669.6877 | nationwide.com

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NATIONAL OFFICE UPDATE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

F B I N A A . O R G | M A Y / J U N E 2 0 1 9

Howard Cook

T he FBINAA continues to have a very busy 2019. Here are some of the highlights as we finish the first half of the year... We have continued to strengthen the Association by continuing to network with our chapters, sponsors and partners. Some items of note: We finished up at the 2019 LEEDA Conference and made great connections with members and sponsors. Although it was a busy conference, we were able to have a good meeting with the LEEDA Executive Director, Skip Robb and their President, John Horseman . I had the honor of representing our Association at the Latin America/Caribbean Retrainer in San Salvador and was joined by President Adams and Second Vice-President Joe Hellebrand . We worked together with the Bureau to make sure all interna- tional training events are productive and successful. President Adams and I also attended the First Director’s Memorial event at FBI Headquarters, which resulted in a very good conversation with Director Wray . Other highlights included Police Week with the COPS lun- cheon, as well as the Blue Gala event. I also had opportunities to join one of our key partners, Eventive , as we met with both the Denver Chief and the Planning Committee in New Orleans to finalize plans for our National Training Conferences in both of those great cities. In addition to that planning, we also met with the National School Advocacy Council in hopes to schedule a co- sponsored meeting in Ft. Lauderdale in November. Our staff at the NA also had a busy end to the first half of the year. Key members hosted another great COPS Kid event in Quantico. We held our first School Shooting Prevention Leader- ship Forum event with our Kansas Chapter. Renee Reynolds

and Jennifer Watson visited the W. PA Chapter Retrainer and were able to fully engage with members as well as have a pop- up FBINAA store that was well received. We also supported the Wounded Warrior event with the NA and Bureau, which was a success. We are working closely with our current Academic and Stra- tegic partners and are forming several new exciting collaborative relationships for 2019. As we turn to what I assure will be a busy and dynamic sec- ond half of 2019, I look forward to seeing you all in Phoenix for our Annual Training Conference. I look forward to sharing some great stories of fun, of hard work, of rekindling old friendships and of starting new ones!

Sincerely,

Howard M. Cook FBINAA Executive Director FBINA #224

A PARTNERSHIP FOR SAFER SCHOOLS SEAN BURKE

FBI National Academy Associates and the School Safety Advocacy Council Partner to Train Law Enforcement and School Administrators Nationwide. A s president of the School Safety Advocacy Council , I have been lucky enough to work with school districts, law of a single community not working together. As I speak, instruct, and perform assessments nationwide this similar circumstance is found in districts and communities of all sizes and locations.

enforcement agencies, and communities nationwide to keep schools safe and further the efforts of law enforcement in schools. The unfortunate part of visiting these districts and communities is most of the time there is disconnect between the school district and the local law enforcement agency in their active shooter and emergency response planning and preparation. Even if the law enforcement agency has an SRO program, we usually find a lack of communication at the executive level. In a recent school safety assessment of a district with a large SRO program we found that the law enforcement agency, the fire services, and the school district all had emergency plans that contradicted each other. When representatives of the three organizations were questioned about the differences, all claimed that their plan would take prescient in any crisis. As we found, the organizations had never gotten together to discuss the emergency planning for the district, much less trained or drilled together. If this was an assessment finding ten or fifteen years ago no one reading this would be surprised but this was a finding that fol- lowed one of the deadliest school years in our nation’s history. What makes this even scarier is that this is not an isolated case

At the School Safety Advocacy Council, we stress the need to include all the stakeholders in emergency management training and planning for schools and communities. Having worked with communities and districts across the nation for over twenty-five years, I have seen this philosophy, when instituted properly, work extremely well when needed to be put into action during an actual crisis. When a school district and its community of first respond- ers develops a cooperative crisis plan based on the Incident Command System , trains together, then practices that plan, from tabletop exercises to full practical drills, it will always result in not only a better school, but community wide response. Following this process of preparation not only better prepares the school district but also improves the first responder’s actions to mitigate a crisis within the community. The process I described requires the understanding and direction from the leadership of the commu- nity, school district, and first responder organizations. It requires the understanding of the leadership that this process will lead to better preparation and response community wide because it may

continued on page 9

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continued from "A Partnership for Safer Schools" page 8

require certain stake holders to relinquish control or perform non- traditional roles during a crisis. As I stated prior, effective crisis planning requires a partner- ship between school districts and law enforcement as well as other community first responders. Luckily, not only the do we believe that but also the leadership of the FBI National Academy Associates (FBINAA) believes that. Based on prior but separate efforts on a national level to improve safety and policing in our communities, both organizations had a strong mutual respect for each other’s efforts. I also had direct knowledge of how great an organization the FBINAA was from being a member for over ten years and proud graduate of the National Academy, session #239. As a result of our mutual respect and shared goal of keeping our nation’s schools and children safe, the FBINAA and the School Safety Advocacy Council partnered to develop an active school shooting leadership training program entitled School Shooting Prevention Leadership Forum . This cooperatively designed course is an effort to bring decision makers and practitioners from not only law enforcement and education together in one classroom, but all the community stakeholders. This training emphasizes real life experiences and proven practices to prepare schools and communities for an active shooter event or other crisis. Using the extensive resources and experience from both organizations, the training presents the timeliest and most effective information available in the nation. During the last school year two programs were held, one in Columbia, South Carolina and one in Kansas City, Kansas. The programs quickly sold out and produced par- ticipant evaluations that were the highest either organization had ever seen. Classes were attended in both locations by participants from all levels of community stakeholders, education, law en- forcement, fire services and elected leadership. For the upcoming school year, we are in the process of finalizing ten more courses

in locations to be held in cities across the nation. Dates and loca- tions will be announced soon so please check either organizations website for details. With such a great success in the partnership active school shooter training, the FBINAA and School Safety Advocacy Council will cooperatively host the National School Safety Leadership Academy this November 7-8, 2019 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In the past, this conference has brought leadership from law enforcement and education together for a dynamic two days of presentations, discussion, and problem solving. Now with these two great organizations partnering in the event, it is guaranteed to not only be the largest gathering of leaders but also the most comprehensive. More information on this must attend event and attendee registration will be available soon.

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About the Author: Sean Burke served as the first Director of Public Safety for the Lawrence Public School’s Police/ Safety Department where he coordinated all safety efforts, including the creation of their comprehensive school crisis plan, which serves as a model in the nation today. Sean Burke has over twenty-four years law en- forcement experience, serving as a patrol officer, school resource officer, patrol supervisor, sexual assault and gang investigator. Burke is currently a Lieutenant in an urban police department in Massachusetts commanding the gang task force and SRO unit.

He is the former President of the National Association of School Resource Officers (NASRO) where he also served as a National Practitioner and a Senior Instructor for over 10 years. In 2004, Burke was awarded a Life Membership from NASRO in recogni- tion of his work in the field of school safety. He serves as a grant review specialist and subject matter expert for the United States Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice in the area of law enforcement and school safety. Sean Burke currently serves as the President of the School Safety Advocacy Council and continues to travel, speak and consult for many governmental and non-govern- mental organizations.

Each day law enforcement and school districts across the United States are responsible for protecting our almost 133,000 schools and 63 million students, faculty, and staff. The FBI National Academy Associates and the School Safety Advocacy Council have partnered and announced a series of 2-day Leadership Forums for law enforcement executives and school administrators throughout the country. The Forums will provide attendees with the knowledge, skills, and resources needed to improve the overall security of their community’s schools while developing coordinated plans for a crisis response. Future Forums are scheduled in the following cities:

FBINAA LEADERSHIP FORUM SERIES SCHOOL SHOOTING PREVENTION LEADERSHIP FORUMS

C A L I F O R N I A , PA / AU G 2 1 - 2 2 , 2 0 1 9 D E N V E R , CO / S E PT 2 3 - 2 4 , 2 0 1 9 HOU S TON , T X / O C T 2 - 3 , 2 0 1 9 S A R A S OTA , F L / O C T 9 - 1 0 , 2 0 1 9 C H I C A G O , I L / O C T 3 1 - NO V 1 , 2 0 1 9 AT L A N T I C C I T Y, N J / NO V 1 3 - 1 4 , 2 0 1 9 B O S TON , M A / NO V 1 8 - 1 9 , 2 0 1 9 S E AT T L E , WA / D E C 9 - 1 0 , 2 0 1 9

With such a great success in the partnership of the school shooting prevention training, the FBINAA and School Safety Advocacy Council will cooperatively host the National School Safety Leadership Academy this November 7-8, 2019 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In the past, this conference has brought leadership from law enforcement and education together for a dynamic two days of presentations, discussion,and problem solving. Now with these two great organizations partnering in the event, it is guaranteed to not only be the largest gathering of leaders but also the most comprehensive.

More information on these programs, please e-mail John Kennedy at jkennedy@fbinaa.org. This Leadership Forum is offered through collaboration between the FBI National Academy Associates, Inc.and the School Safety Advocacy Council.

Law enforcement officers face many potential safety hazards, but technology continues to evolve to help themmanage risk in all aspects of the job. Some current practices can negatively impact officer safety, with 96% of law enforcement professionals agreeing that being heads down while doing data entry can reduce situational awareness. T o help solve these types of safety challenges, technologies like speech recognition and advanced mobile computing platforms are enabling enhanced officer safety. Additionally, vital 4G LTE connectivity is maintaining connectivity to law enforcement data and communications. These advances in technology are helping to keep our communities safer. In today’s mobile world, solution providers need to think about officer safety holistically – whether on patrol or at the station. Panasonic ’s technology is already being used to promote safety and will continue to innovate as chal- lenges in law enforcement evolve. ALWAYS-ON CONNECTIVITY Law enforcement professionals depend on always-on connectivity to ensure quick response times and to be able to seamlessly communicate with one another in the event of an emergency or natural disaster. With devices that connect to 4G LTE on a dedicated first responder network, officers can stay con- nected, even if power is down or other wireless networks are crowded. Access to enhanced data on a dedicated network allows emergency per- sonnel to respond to public safety threats more quickly and efficiently, enabling more lives to be saved. It also ensures that public safety officials will have ac- cess to necessary information, no matter where they are. With current practices, law enforcement has to manually query the ad- dress for a history or person search in various systems to gain access to infor- mation on the subject — which can be both time-consuming and inhibit officer safety. In the future, enhanced connectivity will provide a critical connection to automated queries, simplifying the processing of big data. A heads-up display, which would keep officers’ eyes on the road and allow them to be more situ- ationally aware, will increase officer safety. SPEECH RECOGNITION AND MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Traditionally, an officer can spend up to three to four hours a shift on paperwork alone. This valuable time could be better spent in the field. Writing reports in the field directly after an incident has occurred can be beneficial with details fresh in an officer’s mind. Law enforcement officers have traditionally typed their reports in their patrol vehicles, which can open them up to poten- tial hazards, as they are heads down focused on a computer screen and not on their surroundings. continued on page 30 HOW TO USE TECHNOLOGY TO MANAGE OFFICER SAFETY [ A D V E R T O R I A L ]

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continued from "NOPD" page 10

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CYBER WAR &THE POWER GRID APOCALYPSE:

ARE WE READY? ALBERT SCHERR

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A terrorist attack on the power system would lack the dramatic impact of the

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attacks in New York, Madrid, or London. It would not immediately kill many

people or make for spectacular television footage of bloody destruction. But if

it were carried out in a carefully planned way, by people who knew what they

were doing, it could deny large regions of the country access to bulk system

power for weeks or even months. An event of this magnitude and duration

could lead to turmoil, widespread public fear, and an image of helplessness

that would play directly into the hands of terrorists. If such large extended out-

ages were to occur during times of extreme weather, they could also result in

hundreds or even thousands of deaths due to heat stress or extended exposure

to extreme cold.

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continued from "Cyber War & the "Power Grid Apocalypse page 13

I n a 2012, a panel of experts convened by the National Research Council issued a report on Terrorism and the Electric Power Delivery System. It said quite bluntly: It is not hard to imagine the cascading consequences of such an extended disruption: (1) the loss of the provision of health care, home heating, air conditioning, schools, employ- ment circumstances public safety; (2) the loss of the ability to communicate by landline, the internet, cellphones; (3) the complete disruption of the region or country’s micro- and macro- financial systems like electronic bill payment; electronic money transfers between individuals and businesses as well as the complete shutdown of the banking system; the stock market; the Federal Reserve. The NRC report captures this impact well: “… it is no stretch of the imagination to think that such attacks could entail costs of hundreds of billions of dollars – that is, perhaps as much as a few percent of the U.S. gross domestic product...” In fact, the plausibility of such an attack is not hypothetical. Reports suggest that Russia may be laying the groundwork for a cyberattack on the U.S. infrastructure via the Dragonfly 2.0 hackers. In November, 2014, Admiral Michael Rogers, the National Security Agency head, testified before Congress that China and one or two other countries had the capability of mounting cyberattacks that would shut down the electric grid in the United States. And, most recently, the controversial president of Venezue- la, Nicolas Maduro claimed that the United State was responsible for a cyberattack that caused a five-day national blackout amidst political turmoil. One respected expert said in Forbes that such a cyberattack by the United States was “actually quite realistic.” (The U.S. denied any involvement in the blackout.) Correctly, private industry and the federal government have paid a good bit of attention to improving cybersecurity over the last several years. The U.S. Cyber Command, the NSA and the Department of Energy among others have ramped up their efforts in this area. Better preventative measures by the government and industry will lower risks but no one believes such measures are the perfect solution. For example, some have suggested that the cyberattacks that crippled power distribution centers in Ivano-Frankivsk region of Western Ukraine in 2015 preyed on systems that “were surprisingly more secure than an apocalypse - it can rain down on a state or region, makes it a state and local law enforcement issue of epic propor- tions. It requires anticipation and plan- ning beyond that which has been done for extreme weather and other disasters. At first blush, the phenomenon of cyber- attacks seems like a national and interna- tional problem. The extreme disaster –

some in the US, since they were well-segmented from the control center business networks with robust firewalls.” Federal Prosecutors and the FBI have also focused more significant attention to the discovery of the culprits and on pros- ecution of cyber attacks. For example, the recent indictments by Special Counsel Robert Mueller’s prosecutors of individuals and companies in St. Petersburg, Russia reflect the increasing sophistication of the Justice Department and others to identify and charge culprits. But, in the end, those are name-and-shame indictments only. Evidence collection and extradition problems are only the beginning of the issues confronting any real effort to create a deterrent effect using the criminal justice system. What’s more, governmental efforts to deter state-sponsored cyberattacks have foundered on the mere symbolic value of sanctions and what may well be evidence of lack of under- standing of when a cyberattack counts as an act of war. I have suggested elsewhere that the rules for when a cyberattack is worthy of a military-like or other powerful response by the U.S. are so undeveloped that we may well be in a state of operational paralysis. The answer, then, does not involve focusing solely on solu- tions like the above as, to say the least, they are imperfect. We must pay critical attention at the state and local levels to prepa- ration for what I have chosen to over-dramatize as the “power grid” apocalypse. A power-grid-apocalypse planning is related to but pro- foundly different than the other types of disaster. Emergency preparedness for a nuclear disaster in those regions of the coun- try with nuclear power plants focuses on evacuation planning and on mechanisms for managing what might be catastrophic death tolls, to name the most obvious concerns. The focus would be less on infrastructure repair than on survival efforts. Law enforcement has an important role in each of these, particularly because of the event’s unexpectedness. In a disaster involving flooding, anticipation is often as important as mid- and post-event management planning. All involve evacuations and rescues as well as potentially broad infrastructure repair after the fact. The same is also true for other extreme weather events like hurricanes or tornadoes. And, ice-storm disasters, while to some extent predictable in the short term, bring a particular type of utility-focused infrastructure problems to be managed in a version of a public-private partner- ship. The power-grid apocalypse is different. A region-wide, intentional and systematic effort to disable power grids has the potential to be a longer -lasting event than an extreme weather event. It presents a more comprehensive disabling of infrastruc- ture of all sorts as described above. Depending on the geograph- ic extent of the power-grid apocalypse, evacuation becomes quite difficult. A Lloyds of London modeling of the disabling of the power grid in 15 states on the eastern seaboard, including New York City and Washington, D.C., suggests that such an event might leave 93 million customers without power. Evacuation on that scale is more than a bit challenging, if even possible. The ability of utility companies to repair transformers or other aspects of the disabled infrastructure would be seriously

continued on page 22

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AFTERSCHOOL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT: PARTNERS IN COMMUNITY SUCCESS In order to thrive, youth need a system of support that is built upon an overall sense of safety and wellbeing, strong schools, and opportunities to learn and grow outside of the school day. Decades of research show that afterschool programs help kids learn, grow, and avoid risky behaviors. Programs spark interest in learning so students attend school more often, get better grades, and improve their behavior in class. Through new learn- ing experiences, young people discover what they love to do and develop strong social skills. 1 Afterschool provides vital resources that help children and young people stay safe and feel well-supported and give working parents peace of mind during the hours when juvenile crime and victimization peak. Increasingly, law enforcement and after- school providers are recognizing the value of partnering to support youth with the mu- tual goal of ensuring that their communities flourish. continued on page 17 YOUTH PROGRAMMING SUBCOMMITT

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continued from "Afterschool & Law Enforcement" page 16

T his type of partnership is beneficial for both the youth and law enforcement officials. “Afterschool programs provide a safe haven for children to focus on academics,” says Officer Kenney Aguilar of the Santa Ana Police Department. “These programs also keep kids off of the streets and away from the gangs that plague the neighborhoods.” 2 Collaboration can build mutual respect between youth and officers, while the officers serve as valuable role models for the young participants. By con- necting with youth in a positive and engaging setting, officers are able to better understand the community they are serving and change the narrative of interactions between the community and law enforcement. 3 STARTING SMALL The extent of law enforcement involvement with commu- nity afterschool programs can vary. Even the most simple of ges- tures—such as attending an event hosted by a local afterschool program—can make an impact in the way that youth view the role of law enforcement. Each year, around the country, millions of Americans rally around afterschool in celebration of the im- portant work these programs do for kids, families, and communi- ties by attending Lights On Afterschool events, which can consist of anything from a fun showcase of the day-to-day activities of the program to a more formal ceremony, attended by local politicians, stakeholders, and families (afterschoolalliance.org/ loaHistory.cfm). This year, the city of North Platte, Nebraska cel- ebrated Lights On Afterschool alongside local law enforcement at an event hosted by an afterschool program called Kids Klub. At the event, Mayor Dwight Livingston publicly recognized the im- portant efforts that both afterschool and law enforcement have made in supporting the community and keeping kids safe. 4 This one-time collaborative effort has the effect of marrying the two as partners in the public eye, as they work cohesively toward the goal of community safety, and providing the kids the opportunity to understand and contextualize the role of law enforcement. A more formalized or regular collaboration can have even greater benefits. In Omaha, Nebraska, in the spring of 2005, Omaha Police Gang Officer Antonio (Tony) Espejo started a program called PACE (Police Athletics for Community Engage- ment) , when he realized that arresting current gang members wasn’t addressing the main sources of the city’s juvenile crime issue: the lure for kids into the gang lifestyle and the idle time that kids had after school and during the summer months. PACE initially started with soccer—many of the youth in south Omaha were interested in soccer, but couldn’t afford the available pro- grams. PACE allowed kids free participation in sports with sup- portive coaches that served as mentors. Since its inception, the program has grown in both size and offerings, and now includes baseball, flag football, CrossFit, Christmas programs, and ACT preparation. In 2018, an estimated 4,000 kids participated—a far cry from the six original teams in 2005. PACE participants include kids from north and south Omaha, specifically from neighbor- hoods with higher crime rates. Omaha and metro area police officers run the program and coach all the teams, with the help of other volunteers from the community. The lessons learned and relationships built through PACE increase community engagement—specifically youth engagement—and empower kids with important resiliency skills, including perseverance, goal setting, responsibility, and teamwork. And I have seen this investment in kids building such skills make a clear difference in his community. Since PACE’s

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inception, officers have seen less graffiti and violent crime in areas where kids are involved in the program. Over the years, PACE alumni have come back to volunteer to coach other kids in their neighborhoods; some are in school, studying to join public service themselves, as police and fire professionals. This year the Omaha Police Department hired their first PACE alumni, who is now going through the police academy and coaches at PACE. Most kids first encounter police during some of the most difficult times of their lives, Deputy Chief Kanger reflects. Afterschool programs start the narrative earlier, in a positive fashion, and are the key for sustained success for our kids. “President Obama’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing em- phasized that building trust and legitimacy through community policing is a critical factor in reducing crime; afterschool programs aligned with police involvement are the blueprint for these great outcomes.” TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE SUMMER MONTHS Opportunities for partnerships do not end when schools let out for summer break — summer programs are in high demand with 73 percent of parents indicating that it is important for their children to have summer activities that help themmaintain academic skills and learn new things, making summer programs an equally valuable space for engagement. 5 Founded in 1984, Laramie River Valley Rendezvous in Colorado has worked with more than 1,200 youth from at-risk homes in Larimer County, providing them an outdoor adventure camp complete with ac- tivities such as hiking, white water rafting, horseback riding, and mountain biking. Each June, the program brings together camp- ers between the ages of 13 and 16 who come from single-parent, blended family, and foster homes for a week of adventure and fun facilitated by local police officers, firefighters, members of the Colorado National Guard, and other community volunteers. Supported by community donations, grants, and local fundrais- ing events, LRVR is able to provide this experience free of charge to its participants. 6 7 As one camper remarked, LRVR is “a place where a kid can be safe and have fun for at least one week a year.” Young people in the program value the dedication of law enforcement officials who have committed their time and energy to promoting the wellbeing of their community’s at-risk youth. In addition to creat- ing this safe space for young people to relax, explore, and build positive relationships with both their peers and members of the law enforcement community, studies have shown long-lasting impacts of participation. Evaluation results demonstrate an improvement in participants’ self-esteem, a reduction in teenage recidivism rates, and the promotion of positive views toward law enforcement. 8 BIG COMMITMENT YIELDS BIG RESULTS Afterschool programs have the opportunity to change the community narrative around and perception of the role of law enforcement, while also reducing juvenile crime rates and building youth resiliency skills. 9 One program looking to do that is DRAGG (Drag Racing Against Gangs and Graffiti) . Sergeants Charles Woodruff and Dan Shrub recognized through their work with the Oxnard Police Department the need for positive men- tors for youth in their community and decided to take action. It all started with a 2006 Mustang, decked out to look like the Oxnard patrol cars, which garnered the attention of high school continued on page 28

Today, crime solving hinges on digital evidence and the volume, velocity and variety of digital evidence is growing exponentially. From CCTV and body- worn cameras, to ALPR, CAD, RMS, interview room and 911 recordings, social media, smart devices and in-car video, policing has become entangled in a quagmire of technologies. These very same technologies are creating a tsunami of digital evidence that's becoming increasingly difficult to manage. If your department is looking for a new Digital Evidence Management solution, don’t overlook these ten must-haves. is the disconnected nature of the systems,” also referred to in the report as chair swiveling. When asked how many different sys- tems they typically needed to log into to work on cases, 95% of survey respondents said at least two systems, and 25% said they needed to log into anywhere between six and more than eleven. “Every department's greatest resource is its personnel and their time is very valuable,” said Rod Guy , VP of Strategy for NICE Public Safety. “It takes time to log in, search, extract, and then manually compare information across silos. And more time spent on manual tasks equates to less time on work that can actually help close cases.” continued on page 19

1. SINGLE SIGN ON FOR INVESTIGATORS Patrol officers do most of their work in RMS; dispatchers work in CAD; but investigators still don’t have one platform to do all of their work in. Instead, investigators need to log into lots of different systems to pull data, and what they can’t access on their own (for example, 9-1-1 recordings) they need to request from other departments. A recent survey ( The Digital Frontline: Rethinking the use of data and information in modern policing ), puts numbers to the problem. The report says: “One of the most significant drawbacks of existing police software, aside from poor search functionality, MUST HAVES FOR DIGITAL EVIDENCE MANAGEMENT LINDA HAELSEN

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lice, investigators need to share information with each other, and in the final analysis, case evidence needs to be shared with the DA. For most police departments though, all these processes are highly ineffective and manual. Take crowdsourced evidence for example. Crowdsourced evidence in the form of videos, photos and tips often provide some of the best leads in cases. And the potential for such evidence is everywhere! Cameras are mounted on businesses, homes, integrated into doorbells, and in the hands of virtually every citizen. If a crime is committed in public, there's a good chance that it has been captured on a smartphone camera. But many law enforcement agencies still lack the necessary tools to efficiently collect, analyze and share this digital evidence. For example, collecting CCTV footage requires officers to drive to the crime scene, canvas for cameras, locate the business owner who knows how to operate the DVR, then download the video to removable media, only to return to the station to find it’s not even playable. The mechanics of collecting evidence from citizens leaves little to be desired too. Some crowdsourcing apps require law enforcement to set up a new link and web page for each case, and work with an outside party to do so, slowing down the process of collecting evidence and getting it into the hands of detectives. The process of uploading large files can also strip metadata (time- stamps and GPS information) that’s critical for investigations. Using a next-generation DEM solution, investigators can create a public appeal for any active investigation in seconds, enabling citizens to easily upload videos, photos and tips. The process retains valuable metadata information, including time/ date and location. Uploaded content is automatically virus- checked before being securely stored in the cloud, and investiga- tors are alerted when new case evidence is uploaded so they can immediately review and act on it. Private businesses and citizens can use the same public portal to register their cameras, and upload evidence when necessary. By geo-locating cameras on a map, a next-generation DEM also enables investigators to look at the area where a crime occurred and instantly know where cameras are located.

A next-generation DEM provides a one-stop shop for gather- ing evidence. Investigators can log in to the DEM solution and perform a universal search for evidence across all connected data sources. In fact, ninety percent of commonly requested evidence can be collected and retrieved through a single log-on. The system automatically finds related evidence and pulls it into a case folder. “Based on our experience, this can easily save 10 to 15 hours per detective per week,” added Guy. 2. ANALYTICS TO FIND HIDDEN CONNECTIONS AND LEADS Successful investigations rely on an investigator’s ability to connect the dots. The problem is – digital evidence is stored in silos. Investigators may have tools to extract and analyze data from individual systems, but they don’t have analytical tools that work across them. “Manually searching for data across systems, and then trying to draw connections is cumbersome, and it’s easy to miss things,” said Daniel Dvorak , a Law Enforcement & Public Safety Subject Matter Expert and retired Police Chief. “Investigators need to conduct multiple searches and then manually comb through infor- mation to look for connections.” “What investigators really need is a next-generation DEM solution that reaches across all structured and unstructured data sources and applies analytics to make connections they can act on,” added Dvorak. “The system uses a correlation engine to bring back every potentially relevant piece of evidence.” But it’s not enough to just search across databases. Make sure your chosen DEM solution can search within the content of records too. For example, your investigators should be able to search by key words or phrases and automatically find records (for example 911 audio recordings, narratives from CAD com- ments, incident reports, and FI cards) that contain those words or tags. Without it, an investigator would need to read or listen to each record or audio recording in entirety. Another benefit is that it enables investigators to correlate current and past cases. For example, if an individual was even mentioned in another case, the solution would automatically bring that information to the investigator’s attention. 3. IMPROVED INFORMATION SHARING ON EVERY LEVEL Successful investigations require information sharing on many levels. The public needs to share information with the po-

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