Glossary of key terms
analgesic:
compounds with pain-blocking properties, capable of producing analgesia
anti-inflammatory agents:
drugs that block the effects of the inflammatory response
antipyretic:
blocking fever, often by direct effects on the thermoregulatory centre in the hypothalamus or by blockade of
prostaglandin mediators
chrysotherapy:
treatment with gold salts; gold is taken up by macrophages, which then inhibit phagocytosis; it is reserved for use in
people who are unresponsive to conventional therapy, and can be very toxic
inflammatory response:
the body’s non-specific response to cell injury, resulting in pain, swelling, heat and redness in the affected
area
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs):
drugs that block prostaglandin synthesis and act as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
and analgesic agents
salicylates:
salicylic acid compounds, used as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic agents; they block the prostaglandin system
salicylism:
syndrome associated with high levels of salicylates—dizziness, ringing in the ears, difficulty hearing, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhoea, mental confusion and lassitude
stool guaiac:
a test to detect occult blood in the stool
Test your current knowledge of anti-inflammatory, antiarthritis and related agents with a PrepU Practice Quiz!
Learning objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to:
1.
Describe the sites of action of the various anti-inflammatory agents.
2.
Describe the therapeutic actions, indications, pharmacokinetics, contraindications, most common adverse
reactions and important drug–drug interactions associated with each class of anti-inflammatory agents.
3.
Discuss the use of anti-inflammatory drugs across the lifespan.
4.
Compare and contrast the prototype drugs for each class of anti-inflammatory drugs with the other drugs
in that class.
5.
Outline the care considerations and teaching needs for people receiving each class of anti-inflammatory
agents.
Anti-inflammatory,
antiarthritis and
related agents
16
SALICYLATES
aspirin
balsalazide
mesalazine
olsalazine
NON-STEROIDAL
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND
RELATED AGENTS
Non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory agents (NSAIDs)
Propionic acids
flurbiprofen
ibuprofen
ketoprofen
naproxen
tiaprofenic acid
Acetic acids
diclofenac
indomethacin
ketorolac
sulindac
Fenamates
mefenamic acid
Oxicam derivatives
meloxicam
piroxicam
Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor
celecoxib
etoricoxib
parecoxib
Related agent
paracetamol
ANTIARTHRITIS AGENTS
Gold compounds
auranofin
sodium aurothiomalate
Other antiarthritis drugs
anakinra
etanercept
leflunomide
penicillamine
sodium hyaluronate
