Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems

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MESOPHOTIC CORAL ECOSYSTEMS – A LIFEBOAT FOR CORAL REEFS? 3
Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems
A lifeboat for coral reefs?
1.1. Coral reefs in peril
1.2. Mesophotic coral ecosystems — refuge for shallow-water coral ecosystems?
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Light reaching the mesophotic zone
2.3. Geomorphology of mesophotic coral ecosystems
2.4. Differences between shallow-water and mesophotic coral ecosystems
3.1. Introduction
3.2. The Great Barrier Reef, Australia
3.3. Pulley Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, USA
3.4. The United States Virgin Islands, USA
3.5. Eilat, Red Sea, Israel
3.6. Spotlight on Palau Island group
3.7. Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
3.8. Hawaiian Archipelago, USA
3.9. Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
3.10. La Parguera, Puerto Rico, USA
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Macroalgae
4.3. Sponges
4.4. Scleractinian corals
4.5. Symbionts
4.6. Fish
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Essential habitat
5.3. Recovery source for shallow populations
5.4. Tourists exploring the mesophotic zone
5.5. A potential source of novel products
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Fisheries
6.3. Climate change
6.4. Sedimentation and pollution
6.5. Marine aquarium trade
6.6. Precious coral fishery
6.7. Invasive species
6.8. Management options
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Where are mesophotic coral ecosystems located?
7.3. What controls where mesophotic coral ecosystems are found?
7.4. What ecological role do mesophotic coral ecosystems play and what organisims are found in them?
7.5. What are the impacts of natural and anthropogenic threats on mesophotic coral ecosystems ?
7.6. Are mesophotic coral ecosystems connected to shallower coral reef ecosystems and can they serve as refuges for
impacted shallow reef species?
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