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1/4/2017

Pazhuheshnameh  

ﺗﻔﺳﻳﺭ ﺑﺳﻡﷲﺍﻟﺭّﺣﻣﻥﺍﻟﺭّﺣﻳﻡ

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ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻢﷲﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ

۱۳۷۷

ﺩﻱ

۱۱

ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎء

ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻭ

ﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ٬ 

ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪﺍ

ﺁﺛﺎﺭ

ﺩﺭ

ﺑﺴﻢﷲﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ

ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ

ﺳﻌﻴﺪﻯ

ﻧﺎﺩﺭ

 :

ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ

٦

ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ

ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ

ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟّﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﻣّﺎ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﺪﻳﻊ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺄﮐﻴﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ

ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﮑﺮﺭﺍً ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺑﺸﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﺑﻈﻬﻮﺭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎءﷲ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻳﻦﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ

ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺗﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﮎ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺻﺮﻳﺢ ﻣﻴﺴّﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺑﻮﺩ. ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺎﺋﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﮑﺘﺐ ﻧﻮﺭﻳﻦ ﻧﻴّﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺪ ﮐﺎﻅﻢ ﺭﺷﺘﻰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ﭼﺮﺍ

ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﻘﺪّﺱ ﻣﺒﺸّﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪٴ ﺍﻭﻟﯽ  ﻭﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎءﷲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻬﺎﺋﻰ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻗﺪﺱ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﺮﺍ ﮐﻪ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ

ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎءﷲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻭﺣﺪﺕ ﻭ ﻳﮕﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﻳﻦﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ٬ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺭﺏّ ﺍﻋﻠﯽ ﻭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎء ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ

ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﺋﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﻫﻴﻢ. ﺍﻣّﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪٴ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻤﻠﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻁﺮﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻳﻢ.

ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺑﺪﻳﻨﺠﻬﺖ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﺩّﻯ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻤّﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻯ

ﺻﺮﻓﺎً ﻣﺎﺩّﻯ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻣﻘﺪّﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺍﻋﻠﯽﻭﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎءﷲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﻳﻦﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮔﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ

ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺭﺏّ ﺍﻋﻠﯽ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎء ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺗﺄﺛّﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﻣّﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﮐﺴﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ ﻗﺎﺋﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻬﻴّﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺎﺋﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ

ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭﺁﻧﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺒﺸّﺮ ﺑﻈﻬﻮﺭ ﺑﺪﻳﻊ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻠﻬﻢّ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺭﺏّ ﺍﻋﻠﯽ ﻭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎءﷲ ﻣﻴﺸﻤﺎﺭﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺯ

ﻧﻈﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﮎ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻣّﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻣﺘﺄﺛّﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﮐﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﮑﺲ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ  ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻣﻨﺸﺎء ﻏﻴﺒﻰ

ﻭ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﮎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﭼﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ.

ﺍﻭّﻟﻴﻦ ﺳﺆﺍﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﺴﺖﮐﻪ ﺍﺻﻮﻷ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﭼﻪ ﻟﺰﻭﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ

ﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﺷﻮﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﭼﺮﺍ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺳﺮﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻭﻟﯽ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﻨﺤﻮﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩ.

ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺄﮐﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ  ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪٴ ﮐﺘﺐ ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ

ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺭﻩٴ ﻓﺎﺗﺤﻪٴ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﺭﻩٴ ﻓﺎﺗﺤﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ  ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎء

ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ٬ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺭﺏّ ﺍﻋﻠﯽ ﻭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎء ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ. ﺍﻣّﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻫﻤﻪٴ

ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻰ ﺑﺸﮑﻠﯽ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ. ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻫﻤﻴّﺘﻰ ﺧﺎﺹّ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻔﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ

ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮐﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ٬ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺭﺑّﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪٴ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺤﺜﻰ ﺻﺮﻓﺎً ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ

ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴّﺘﻰ ﺧﺎﺹّ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻫﻞ ﺑﻬﺎء ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺍﺯ ﻁﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﺑﺤﺜﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ. ﺑﺪﻳﻦﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ

ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ ﻫﻤﻪٴ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣّﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺑﺪﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻴﻄﻪٴ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘّﻖ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ

ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻢﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﺻﻮﻷ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﭼﻴﺰ ﻣﻄﻠﺒﻰﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﮎ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎءﷲ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ﭼﺮﺍ ﮐﻪ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﮐﺶ

ﺗﺤﻘّﻖ ﻭ ﺍﮐﻤﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻬﻰﺍﺳﺖ.

ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ٬ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺍﻋﻠﯽ ﻭ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎء ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻮﺩﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ

ﺳﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﮎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﻢ. ﺷﻴﺦ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺋﻰ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺍً ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻳﻦﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺍً ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﺮّﺣﻴﻤﻢ ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ.